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  <front xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="elibrary">75504</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Magazine of Civil Engineering</journal-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Magazine of Civil Engineering</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2712-8172</issn>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">11</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.34910/MCE.105.11</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Long-term properties of cement mortar under compression, tension, and 3-point bending</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Long-term properties of cement mortar under compression, tension, and 3-point bending</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Sprince</surname>
            <given-names>Andina</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
          <email>andina.sprince@rtu.lv</email>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4280-0025</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57211205458</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Gailitis</surname>
            <given-names>Rihards</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
          <email>rihards.gailitis@rtu.lv</email>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8367-7927</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57205122537</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">H-5843-2013</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Pakrastins</surname>
            <given-names>Leonids</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
          <email>leonids.pakrastins@rtu.lv</email>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6983-3874</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57211205950</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Kozlovskis</surname>
            <given-names>Tomass</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
          <email>tomass.kozlovskis@rtu.lv</email>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1196-8004</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">6508103761</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">M-6585-2013</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Vatin</surname>
            <given-names>Nikolai</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
          <email>vatin@mail.ru</email>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">Riga Technical University</aff>
      <aff id="aff2">Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University</aff>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-09-24">
        <day>24</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <issue>5</issue>
      <issue-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">105</issue-id>
      <fpage>10511</fpage>
      <lpage>10511</lpage>
      <self-uri xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" content-type="pdf" xlink:href="https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/userfiles/files/2021/5(105)/11.pdf"/>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Cement composite long-term property assessment usually is limited to the compression strain state due to the difficulty of performing long-term tests in tension and 3-point bending. This paper shows the difference in long-term properties in compression, tension, and 3-point bending for plain ordinary Portland cement mortar (OPC). The obtained results were compared to reinforced specimen results to determine whether the PVA refibres improve the long-term properties of OPC mortar in various stress-strain conditions. Cylinders, compact tension specimens (CT), and beams – plates were prepared to evaluate material properties and the role of fibre reinforcement in these different stress states. Additionally, to conventional surface-attached strain gauges, 2D-DIC was employed to observe the creep strain of specimens in tension. This paper aim to determine long-term property differences in compression, tension and 3-point bending and, also, to see if low amount PVA fibre incorporation improve long-term properties in previously stated stress-strain states. It was determined that the usage of 1 % of PVA fibres increases creep strains in compression on average by 15 % and reduced by 7 % in tension. It reduces shrinkage strain by 18 % in compression and 8 % in tension. The long-term deflection for the PVA fibre-reinforced specimens are, on average by 55 % higher than for plain OPC mortar specimens in 3-point bending.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>long-term properties</kwd>
        <kwd>creep</kwd>
        <kwd>shrinkage</kwd>
        <kwd>compression</kwd>
        <kwd>tension</kwd>
        <kwd>3-point bending</kwd>
        <kwd>digital image correlation</kwd>
        <kwd>PVA fibre</kwd>
        <kwd>OPC mortar</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
