75504 2712-8172 Magazine of Civil Engineering 8 100 2020 1-143
RAR RUS 10001-10001 57207854992 0000-0001-6762-5476 Pacific National University Popov Aleksandr sanyapov@mail.ru
Khabarovsk, Russia
 369459 Pacific National University Lovtsov Alexander Lovtsov@bk.ru
Khabarovsk, Russia
 Frictional contact problem in building constructions analysis The article discusses the contact interaction of deformable building constructions or their parts. Such interaction is realized for example at: hydraulic structures; suspension pile foundations, girder, raft, sheet piling; friction bearings and kinematic bearings of seismically insulated buildings, etc. The subject of the study is the formulation of the contact interaction problem as a linear complementarity problem. Such formulation of the problem allows the use of effective step-by-step algorithms and provides minimum qualification requirements to user. Expansion of existing formulations of the problems of frictionless contact and contact with the known friction bound in the form of linear complementarity problem to the formulation of the frictional contact is offered. Eventually, a heuristic formulation of the contact problem with friction is obtained in the form of a linear complementarity problem. The problem is solved by the Lemke step-type algorithm in the form of a displacement method. The results of the solutions obtained on test problems and on the Ansys software almost coincide with the results obtained by the proposed algorithm. 10.18720/MCE.100.1 building constructions contact nonlinearity frictional contact unilateral constraints linear complementarity problem numerical models finite element method https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.100.1/
RAR RUS 10002-10002 57190074335 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3833-3495 Jordan University of Science and Technology Al Rjoub Yousef ysalrjoub@just.edu.jo
Irbid, Jordan
 0000-0002-7712-5560 Jordan University of Science and Technology Hamad Azhar co.azhar@yahoo.com
Irbid, Jordan
 Free vibration of axially loaded multi-cracked Timoshenko beams In this paper, the free vibration of axially-loaded, multi-cracked Timoshenko beams with differing boundary conditions, namely, hinged-hinged, fixed-fixed, fixed-hinged, and fixed-free is studied. The cracked beam system is represented as several beam segments connected by massless rotational springs with sectional flexibility. Each segment is assumed to obey the Timoshenko beam theory. A simple transfer matrix method is used to derive the characteristic equation of the axially-loaded, multi-cracked beam with differing boundary conditions. The characteristic equation and corresponding mode shapes are a function of natural frequency, crack size and location, and physical parameters of the beam. In this paper, the effects of crack depth, number of cracks, position of cracks, axial load, shear deformation and rotary inertia on the dynamic behavior of multi-cracked beams are studied in detail. It is found that there is good agreement between the results obtained in this study and results available in the literature. Additionally, interesting observations overlooked by other researchers are obtained. 10.18720/MCE.100.2 cracked Timoshenko beam shear deformation rotary inertia free vibration buckling load transfer matrix https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.100.2/
RAR RUS 10003-10003 0000-0001-7074-9664 Grozny State Oil Technical University named after Academician M.D. Millionshchikov Alaskhanov Arbi alaskhanov.arbi@mail.ru
Grozny, Russia
 6701823730 0000-0003-0564-3307 Peoples' Friendship University of Russia Svintsov Alexandr svintsovap@rambler.ru V.G. Shukhov Belgorod State Technological University Lesovik Valeriy naukavs@mail.ru 0000-0002-6495-4650 Administration of the Belgorod region Glagolev Evgeniy mail@belgorodstroy.ru
Belgorod, Russia
 0000-0002-0612-1685 V.G. Shukhov Belgorod State Technological University, Belgorod, Russia Voronov Vasily fedyu.rs@dvfu.ru
Belgorod, Russia
 0000-0001-9840-4414 V.G. Shukhov Belgorod State Technological University Zagorodnyuk Lilia lhz47@mail.ru
Belgorod, Russia
 57199850188 0000-0002-2279-1240 Far Eastern Federal University Fediuk Roman roman44@yandex.ru
8. Suhanova St. Vladivostok, st. Octyabrskaya. 690950. Russia
 Far Eastern Federal University Baranov Andrey de_montgomery@mail.ru Durability behaviors of foam concrete made of binder composites The article is devoted to the determination of the patterns of the formation of the microstructure of foam concrete using Portland cement, opoka marl and fly ash. Binder composites obtained by joint grinding of these were prepared in the form of new compounds, on the basis of which concrete with improved mechanical properties and performance characteristics are created. The complex of experimental studies included studies of the thermal intensity of hydration, shrinkage, average density and compressive strength. A number of operational characteristics were also comprehensively investigated: frost resistance, thermal conductivity and vapor permeability. Both microstructural and morphological studies of the developed composites were investigated using the analysis of SEM images, X-ray diffraction patterns and DTA patterns. The experimental results of composite binders and foam concrete based on it are presented. The mechanism of the influence of fly ash on the formation of the microstructure of the foam concrete mixture for building envelopes is determined. Binder composites obtained by co-grinding the components have a compressive strength of up to 60 MPa with Portland cement savings of up to 40 %. Based on the binder composites, foam concrete with a density of 500–700 kg/m3 and compressive strength above 4 MPa was obtained. In addition, a technological scheme was developed for the production of non-autoclaved foam concrete for the manufacture of blocks, as well as for monolithic construction. 10.18720/MCE.100.3 cements cement-based composites binders concretes durability https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.100.3/
RAR RUS 10004-10004 56296687300 0000-0002-2299-3096 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Rybakov Vladimir fishermanoff@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 JSC Atomproekt Zhuvak Oksana zhuwak2010@mail.ru
St. Petersburg, Russia
 HALFEN GmbH Hoffmann Andre andre.hoffmann@halfen.ru
Langenfeld/Rheinld, Germany
 0000-0003-2006-0513 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Sergeeva Faina faasergeeva811@gmail.com
St. Petersburg, Russia
 0000-0002-6998-0022 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Verigo Polina melomanka50@icloud.com
St. Petersburg, Russia
 The influence of reinforcing joints on the fire resistance of reinforced concrete structures This article analyzes the behavior of reinforcing joints when exposed to a fire load. The scientific work presents the results of an experiment on the fire resistance of reinforcing samples with coupling and welded joints. Experimental studies of cold and hot tensile samples were carried out. A test of loaded, heated and cooled rods was also performed, simulating the real effect of a fire on a loaded structure. During all three experiments, the values of the deformation and strength characteristics of the mechanical and welded joints of the bar reinforcement were compared. The experiment was verified in the Abaqus software package for the coupling connection in flexible reinforced concrete structures. Coefficients were derived that take into account the decrease in the strength of a reinforcing specimen with a sleeve connection depending on the heating temperature in the stressed state. Based on the data obtained using the studies, it can be concluded that the coupling and welded joints of the reinforcing bars give additional rigidity to the samples, without compromising the strength characteristics of the reinforcing bar. In the course of the experiments, the coupling and welded joints proved to be approximately the same, it should be noted that from the point of view of application efficiency, coupling joints have significant technological advantages compared to the welded joint. 10.18720/MCE.100.4 Coupling joint welded joint rod reinforcement fire resistance fire protection reinforced concrete https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.100.4/
RAR RUS 10005-10005 57192679640 0000-0001-7006-2950 University of Miskolc Abdulsada Shaymaa Abbas qkosha86@uni-miskolc.hu
Miskolc, Hungary
 36666567100 0000-0002-0075-5994 University of Miskolc Kristaly Ferenc askkf@uni-miskolc.hu
Miskolc, Hungary
 57211614665 0000-0002-6895-6936 University of Miskolc Torok Tamas fektt@uni-miskolc.hu
Miskolc, Hungary
 Distribution of corrosion products at the steel-concrete interface of XD3 concrete samples This research paper deals with the steel/concrete interface of concrete samples with and without green inhibitor (orange peel extract) and with different two types of superplasticizers (Mapei Dynamon SR 31 and Oxydtron) after an 18 months exposure in aqueous chloride environment. XRD, SEM, and light optical micrograph techniques were applied to investigate the chemical compositions and the spatial distribution of the corrosion products. The experimental results revealed and illustrate that the corrosion products were visible in samples without inhibitor and appeared less noticeable in samples with Mapei Dynamon SR 31 but in the samples with Oxydtron were almost non-existent. 10.18720/MCE.100.5 reinforced concrete green inhibitor superplasticizers X Ray Diffraction corrosion https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.100.5/
RAR RUS 10006-10006 56662851300 0000-0001-8407-8144 Ogarev Mordovia State University Erofeev Vladimir al_rodin@mail.ru 57191249816 0000-0002-8080-9808 Ogarev Mordovia State University Rodin Alexander al_rodin@mail.ru LLC “Kombinat teploizolyacionnyh izdelij” Bochkin Viktor sovelitnew@mail.ru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2560-0948 Ogarev Mordovia State University Ermakov Anatolij anatoly.ermakov97@mail.ru
Saransk, Respublika Mordoviya, Russia
 The formation mechanism of the porous structure of glass ceramics from siliceous rock Porous glass ceramic materials are widely used in industrial and civil engineering due to a number of redeeming features, such as high strength, low thermal conductivity, incombustibility, environmental friendliness, etc. A large number of researches are devoted to developing the compositions of foam glass ceramic materials based on siliceous rocks (diatomite, tripoli, opoka). Present article is devoted to studying the formation mechanism of the porous structure of glass ceramic materials as a result of heating a mechanically activated mixture (a mixture of siliceous rock and soda ash or thermonatrite). The experimental results were obtained using methods of gas permeability, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential thermal gravimetric (DTG) analysis, physical-mechanical and thermophysical tests. It was determined that the minerals of the crystalline structure in the composition partially transfer to the amorphous phase with an increase in the charge activation time, and the amount of heulandite and sodium hydrosilicates increases. This contributes to an intensive increase in the amount of flux in the composition within the temperature range 700–800 °C. The water vapor generated during the condensation of free OH groups on the surface of silicate is formed in this temperature range. This is the formation source of the material’s porous structure. The developed porous glass ceramic materials have increased compressive strength (up to 5 MPa) at a relatively low average density (268.5 kg/m3). This is several times greater than the strength of foam glass from waste glass and from fly or coal ash. The minimum thermal conductivity of glass ceramics (0.0633 W/m·°С) was determined at a sample density of 220.7 kg/m3. The maximum operational temperature of the material was 850 °C, which allows using it as a thermal insulation of industrial equipment, such as melting furnaces, boiler equipment, etc. 10.18720/MCE.100.6 glass ceramics silicates pore structure differential thermal analysis compressive strength microstructure mechanical activation https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.100.6/
RAR RUS 10007-10007 57194109969 0000-0002-7413-842X Siberian Federal University Nazirov Rashit nazirovra@gmail.com
Krasnoyarsk, Russia
 Siberian Federal University Inzhutov Ivan ivaninzhutov@gmail.com
Krasnoyarsk, Russia
0000-0002-4285-7446 Siberian Federal University Dubrovskaya Olga olgadubrovskaya2016@gmail.com
Krasnoyarsk, Russia
 0000-0002-5062-5119 Siberian Federal University Gunenko Evgeniya jane-gunenko@mail.ru
Krasnoyarsk, Russia
 0000-0002-8185-204X Siberian Federal University Vede Petr vede@live.ru
Krasnoyarsk, Russia
 Effect of sorption moisture content of heavy concrete on radon emanation This article provides the results of a study to determine the emanation coefficient of artificial construction material, namely heavy concrete produced by semi-dry pressing, depending on equilibrium sorption moisture content achieved in the desorption stage. We measured radon volumetric activity in a sealed chamber at different air relative humidity, determined the specific activity of naturally occurring radionuclides (NORs), and calculated the specific effective activity of NORs. Then we obtained mathematical models of the dependence of the emanation ratio on the degree of pores filling with water, and it was determined that the emanation coefficient increases by almost 50 % in the range of relative humidity typical for residential and public buildings, which necessitates the numerical control of this parameter in order to accurately assess the dose load on the population. 10.18720/MCE.100.7 radon building materials concretes emanation coefficient water content https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.100.7/
RAR RUS 10008-10008 Al-Farabi Kazakh National University Iskakbayev Alibai iskakbayeva@inbox.ru
Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
 K-1945-2018 6506225641 0000-0002-8463-9965 Kazakhstan Highway Research Institute Teltayev Bagdat bagdatbt@yahoo.com
2A, Nurpeissov Street, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, 050061
 University of Calabria Rossi Cesare cesare.oliviero@unical.it Al-Farabi Kazakh National University Yensebayeva Gulzat gulzat-y83@list.ru
Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
 Kazakhstan Highway Research Institute Abu Bekdaulet a.bekdaulet@gmail.com
Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
 Al-Farabi Kazakh National University Kutimov Kiyas kiyas6@mail.ru
Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
 Impact of loading rate on asphalt concrete deformation and failure The results for experimental determination of characteristics have been given and analyzed in this article for deformation and failure of an asphalt concrete at eleven loading rates from 0.000563 MPa/s to 0.652 MPa/s differing in 1158 times. A hot fine-grained dense asphalt concrete of type B prepared with a viscous bitumen of grade BND 100/130 which is traditionally used in road construction has been selected for the research. The tests have been performed at the temperature of 22–24 °C in a specially invented and assembled device according to the scheme of direct tension. The asphalt concrete samples had a shape of rectangular beam with dimensions 5×5×15 cm. It is found that from the moment of loading to the moment of failure the asphalt concrete is deformed nonlinearly. The rate of nonlinearity is increased with the load increase. Loading rate effects greatly the characteristics of deformation and failure of the asphalt concrete: failure time, specific work of deformation and failure deformation are decreased in 242, 160 and 3 times respectively at the loading rate increase in 1158 (nearly 1200) times from 0.000563 MPa/s to 0.652 MPa/s and the strength is increased in 5 times. Dependences for characteristics of the asphalt concrete failure (failure time, failure deformation, specific work of deformation and strength) on a loading rate are described with a high accuracy by power functions. 10.18720/MCE.100.8 asphalt concrete direct tension loading rate strain stress failure time specific work of deformation https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.100.8/
RAR RUS 10009-10009 Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building Shepelenko Tatiana shepta72@mail.ru M-6585-2013 6508103761 0000-0002-1196-8004 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Vatin Nikolai vatin@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building Zubkova Olga zubkova0506@mail.ru Hydration and structure formation of chloride-activated cement paste The result of the research is the formulation of chloride-activated high-strength cement paste with accelerated hardening, increased strength, and without heat treatment. The cement paste was activated by introducing a chloride-containing additive into the cement-water system. The additive was synthesized by keeping the cement in a 3 % hydrochloric acid solution, i.e. under conditions of acid corrosion of the binder. The additive is the solid part of the cement-HCl suspension, aged for 24 hours at a ratio of solid and liquid phases of 1:10. The optimized amount of additive is 5 % by weight of dry cement. The effect of the additive on the hardening kinetics, structure, and strength of the activated cement paste was studied. It was established that acid corrosion products of cement have structure-forming activity. A significant increase of the compressive strength of the activated cement paste relative to the control sample was found over the entire hardening interval (1–3–7–28 days). At the daily age of normal hardening, the strength of activated cement paste increased by 165 %. At 28 days of age, the strength increased by 42 %. The X-ray phase and infrared spectral analysis results suggest the following. The acceleration of setting and the increase in the strength of the cement composite is realized due to the intensification of hydration processes and the binding of portlandite, the early formation of structure-forming phases as ettringite and Kuzel salt Са4Al2(ОН)12Cl(SO4)0.5∙6H2O (analog of Friedel’s salt), as well as weakly crystallized calcium hydrosilicates with a tobermorite-like structure. 10.18720/MCE.100.9 cements hydration hydrated cement paste structure formation hydrochloric acid binder additive hydrates silicates silicate minerals strength acid corrosion accelerating admixtures accelerating effect Kuzel's salt Friedel's Salt https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.100.9/
RAR RUS 10010-10010 56603053600 0000-0002-2717-5156 University of Asia Pacific Hasan Md. Mahmudul drhasan@uap-bd.edu
Farmgate, Bangladesh
 Bangladesh Water Development Board Pial Md Asaduzzaman mapialbd@gmail.com
Bangladesh
 Max Infrastructure Limited Arafat M. Shahriar arafat.shahriar121@gmail.com
Mohakhali, Bangladesh
 57191381045 0000-0002-3021-8591 University of Asia Pacific Miah Md. Jihad jihad.miah@uap-bd.edu
Dhaka, Bangladesh
 57202125889 0000-0001-9112-4049 Technische Universität Dresden Miah Mohammad Shamim mmshamim@iubat.edu
Dresden, Germany
 Influence of raw greywater on compressive strength of concrete Raw greywater, as an alternative water source, was used in concrete production with an aim to save the freshwater sources. Therefore, the variations of compressive strength, the most important and impact causing property of the concrete as regards to its quality and service, were assessed. Greywater was collected from a household where blackwater and greywater were separately disposed of. Total 162-cylinder specimens were cast by using the collected greywater and freshwater (municipally supplied tap water). The specimens were tested for compressive strength after 7, 14 and 28 days of curing. The investigation was carried out considering several experimental conditions: difference in the quality of water in the casting phase, curing phase and casting-curing phase and, also in types of coarse aggregates. A total of 28 water quality parameters (physical, chemical and biological) were tested for both greywater and freshwater. Some tests (turbidity, salinity, solids, organic matter, ammonium, nitrate, phosphate, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and zinc) exhibited higher (about 2 to as high as 1800 times) and a few others (dissolved oxygen, chloride and iron) showed lower values (about 5 to 8 times) for greywater in comparison to freshwater were decreased. The compressive strength of concrete decreased by about 20 % when greywater was used in the casting-curing phase. Whereas, this reduction was found to be only up to 4 % when greywater was used in the casting phase. Raw greywater could be used in concrete for some specified structures considering its lower strengths as found in this study. But in such cases, the impact of the greywater on other important characteristics of concrete and the consequent changes in the phase-structural parameters of the material also need to be clarified through further research. 10.18720/MCE.100.10 Alternative water source greywater freshwater water quality concrete compressive strength https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.100.10/
RAR RUS 10011-10011 K-1945-2018 6506225641 0000-0002-8463-9965 Kazakhstan Highway Research Institute Teltayev Bagdat bagdatbt@yahoo.com
2A, Nurpeissov Street, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, 050061
 0000-0003-1003-8849 Sapienza University of Rome Loprencipe Giuseppe giuseppe.loprencipe@uniroma1.it
Roma, Italy
 12785606300 0000-0001-6782-271X SPT Studi e Pianificazione del Territorio S.r.l. Bonin Guido 0000-0001-6782-271X
Roma, Italy
 Kazakhstan Highway Research Institute Suppes Elena suppes08@mail.ru 0000-0002-4322-5803 Kazakhstan Highway Research Institute Tileu Kurmangazy tileu.kurmangazy@gmail.com
Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
 Temperature and moisture in highways in different climatic regions The article represents the results of experimental research for temperature and moisture variations in pavements and subgrade of highways located in five different climatic regions, an analysis of cyclic freezing and thawing of a pavement. To measure temperature and moisture in pavements and subgrade the sensors have been used which allow making measurement of these characteristics simultaneously in the points of interest. The peculiarities of variation were analyzed for air temperature, temperature in pavements and subgrade in different regions in warm and cold 24 hours. The differences were established in distribution of temperature and moisture in pavements and subgrade in warm and cold 24 hours. To analyze cyclic freezing and thawing (FT) of a pavement the air temperature values have been used during twenty sequential winter seasons in six geographical points of Kazakhstan. The dependences were established for the number of FT cycles on duration and minimal temperature of the cycles. 10.18720/MCE.100.11 Pavement subgrade sensors temperature moisture cyclic freezing and thawing https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.100.11/
RAR RUS 10012-10012 B-6662-2019 57204916380 0000-0002-6877-8420 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Kozinetc Galina galina4410@yandex.ru
St. Petersburg, Russia
 55894053100 0000-0001-7796-2572 Lappeenranta University of Technology Kärki Timo Timo.Karki@lut.fi
Lappeenranta, Finland
 7801686579 0000-0001-7011-8213 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Barabanschikov Yuri ugb@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 56191079300 0000-0001-9605-3315 Lappeenranta University of Technology Lahtela Ville
Lappeenranta, Finland
 57201190213 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Zotov Dmitry zotovdk@gmail.com
St. Petersburg, Russia
 Mechanical properties of sustainable wooden structures reinforced with Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer The long-lasting materials are sustainable goal for future, which were improved with various material combination, such as wood and basalt fibers. When materials with various nature were combined, properties might be altered and those must be evaluated. This study investigates the effect of basalt fibers on the wooden structure. Test materials were three various wood frames; pure, reinforced, and basalt fiber reinforced frames. The materials were analyzed by mechanical tests and elements were modelled with software package. In mechanical test, the strength value of pure and reinforced wooden structures ranging from 5.2 to 11.2 kN with a 19–25 mm deformation. The strength and deformation of basalt reinforced frames varied between 12.0-18.6 kN and 4–6 mm, correspondingly. Finite element modeling supported to the achieved results in the mechanical tests. It is concluded that basalt fiber reinforced wooden structures are more sustainable material from the viewpoint of material features. 10.18720/MCE.100.12 timber basalt fiber sustainable materials FEM wooden structures https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2020.100.12/