<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<journal>
  <titleid>75504</titleid>
  <issn>2712-8172</issn>
  <journalInfo lang="ENG">
    <title>Magazine of Civil Engineering</title>
  </journalInfo>
  <issue>
    <number>2</number>
    <altNumber>102</altNumber>
    <dateUni>2021</dateUni>
    <pages>1-179</pages>
    <articles>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10201-10201</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI)</orgName>
              <surname>Shutova</surname>
              <initials>Marina</initials>
              <email>shutovapublish@mail.ru</email>
              <address>Novocherkassk, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI)</orgName>
              <surname>Chernykhovsky</surname>
              <initials>Boris</initials>
              <email>cbotms@gmail.com</email>
              <address>Novocherkassk, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>57190962075</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0003-3708-380X</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University)</orgName>
              <surname>Evtushenko</surname>
              <initials>Sergej</initials>
              <email>evtushenkosi@mgsu.ru</email>
              <address>Moscow, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="004">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>57193737458</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0003-4483-7411</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI)</orgName>
              <surname>Petrov</surname>
              <initials>Igor</initials>
              <email>iap6691@gmail.com</email>
              <address>Novocherkassk, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Bearing capacity of eccentrically compressed bisteel columns</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">Article is devoted to calculation the bisteel non-central compressed columns from I-shaped profile. The web of I-shaped profile is made of structural steel, the flanges is made from increased-durability steel. The analytical decision used the system of the equations was applied. Also, physical tests of prototypes on the prof. Korobov’s testing machine were carried out. Loading is applied eccentrically to a steel plate, the hinge support applied to the lower plate, plates are fixed by screws from rotational translations. Displacements on axes are measured in the plane of the section in middle of rack and also occurs tilt angles. Calculation in ANSYS software taking into account physical and geometrical nonlinearity is carried out. It is established that analytical calculation gives the results close to experimental values (the maximum divergence of 15 %), the configuration of schedule of ANSYS simulation results repeats the schedule of experience data, and a divergence of results is insignificant (to 9 %).</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.102.1</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>ultimate load</keyword>
            <keyword>eccentric compression</keyword>
            <keyword>numerical analysis</keyword>
            <keyword>structural analysis</keyword>
            <keyword>finite element</keyword>
            <keyword>thin-walled rod</keyword>
            <keyword>thin-walled bar</keyword>
            <keyword>bisteel column</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.102.1/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10202-10202</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>LLC “Kombinat teploizolyacionnyh izdelij”</orgName>
              <surname>Bochkin</surname>
              <initials>Viktor</initials>
              <email>sovelitnew@mail.ru</email>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2560-0948</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Ogarev Mordovia State University</orgName>
              <surname>Ermakov</surname>
              <initials>Anatolij</initials>
              <email>anatoly.ermakov97@mail.ru</email>
              <address> Saransk, Respublika Mordoviya, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>56662851300</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0001-8407-8144</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Ogarev Mordovia State University</orgName>
              <surname>Erofeev</surname>
              <initials>Vladimir</initials>
              <email>al_rodin@mail.ru</email>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="004">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>57191249816</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0002-8080-9808</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Ogarev Mordovia State University</orgName>
              <surname>Rodin</surname>
              <initials>Alexander</initials>
              <email>al_rodin@mail.ru</email>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Properties of porous glass ceramics based on siliceous rocks</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">Porous glass ceramic materials are widely used in the construction industry. Foam glass ceramics are obtained from industrial wastes, rocks of various chemical and mineralogical composition and other raw materials. Samples of foam glass ceramic materials obtained by burning the mechanically activated charge were studied. Siliceous rocks from six deposits were ground together with thermonatrite (Na2CO3·H2O). The resulting charge was burned at a temperature of 850 °C. The following properties were determined experimentally: bulk density, compressive strength, water absorption, sorption humidity, thermal conductivity, application limit temperature, thermal and chemical stability of samples. In order to obtain glass ceramic materials with a uniform porous structure, the total amount of cristobalite and the amorphous phase in the composition of siliceous rock has to be more than 44.5 %. The amount of quartz, calcite and muscovite in the rock should not exceed 12 %. The bulk density of the samples decreases with an increase of heilandite share in the charge composition. The maximum compressive strength of the developed materials is 6 MPa with a bulk density of samples equal to 290 kg/m3. The water absorption of samples decreases to 2.5 % (by volume) with an increase of diatomite share in the charge composition for more than 39.5 %. The minimum thermal conductivity of glass ceramics (0.0583 W/m °С) was revealed at a sample density of 180 kg/m3. Insufficiently high values of thermal stability index (167–183 °C) are associated with the presence of both amorphous phase and crystalline minerals in the material, which have different thermal expansion coefficients. The application limit temperature of the material reaches 850 °C. The developed materials demonstrated high chemical stability after boiling in water, an aqueous HCl solution, as well as in an alkaline solution. Regarding a number of indicators, porous glass ceramic materials based on siliceous rocks are superior to foam glass and can be used as thermal insulation of pipelines, industrial plants (melting furnaces, boiler equipment), etc.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.102.2</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>glass ceramics</keyword>
            <keyword>thermal insulating materials</keyword>
            <keyword>mechanical properties</keyword>
            <keyword>compressive strength</keyword>
            <keyword>water absorption</keyword>
            <keyword>acid resistance</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.102.2/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10203-10203</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>FGBU VNIIPO of EMERCOM of Russia</orgName>
              <surname>Shebeko</surname>
              <initials>Aleksey</initials>
              <email>ay_shebeko@mail.ru</email>
              <address>Balashiha, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0002-2769-0086</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Tanklevsky</surname>
              <initials>Leonid</initials>
              <email>tanklevskiy@gefest-spb.ru</email>
              <address>St. Petersburg, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0003-0778-0698</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>FGBU VNIIPO of EMERCOM of Russia</orgName>
              <surname>Konstantinova</surname>
              <initials>Nataliya</initials>
              <email>konstantinova_n@inbox.ru</email>
              <address>Balashiha, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="004">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>FGBU VNIIPO of EMERCOM of Russia</orgName>
              <surname>Smirnov</surname>
              <initials>Nikolay</initials>
              <email>firelab_vniipo@mail.ru</email>
              <address>Balashiha, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Flammability of polymeric materials used in construction</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG"/>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.102.3</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>fires</keyword>
            <keyword>fire protection</keyword>
            <keyword>buildings</keyword>
            <keyword>flame retardants</keyword>
            <keyword>fire resistance</keyword>
            <keyword>flammability</keyword>
            <keyword>smoke</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.102.3/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10204-10204</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0001-8576-5544</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Beirut Arab University</orgName>
              <surname>Temsah</surname>
              <initials>Yehya</initials>
              <email>ytemsah@bau.edu.lb</email>
              <address>Beirut, Lebanon</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0002-6217-2743</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Beirut Arab University</orgName>
              <surname>Ghanem</surname>
              <initials>Hassan</initials>
              <email>h.ghanem@bau.edu.lb</email>
              <address>Beirut, Lebanon</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0003-3082-8039</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Rafic Hariri University</orgName>
              <surname>Abu Saleh</surname>
              <initials>Zaher</initials>
              <email>abousalehza@rhu.edu.lb</email>
              <address>Beirut, Lebanon</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="004">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0001-9967-6470</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Order of Engineers and Architects</orgName>
              <surname>Chahal</surname>
              <initials>Safwan</initials>
              <email>safwanchahal79@gmail.com</email>
              <address>Tripoli, Lebanon</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="005">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0002-4854-0247</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Beirut Arab University</orgName>
              <surname>Baalbaki</surname>
              <initials>Ossama</initials>
              <email>obaalbaki@bau.edu.lb</email>
              <address>Beirut, Lebanon</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Performance of two-way hinges in reinforced concrete structures</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">Two-way hinges are frequently practiced in bridge columns aiming to avoid the transfer of bending moment to the foundation. The reduction of the concrete column section over a very small height portion is mainly sufficient to create a hinge like behavior. Currently, ACI Code proposes an amplification factor, limited to two, to account for the increasing of the hinge axial capacity due to the column confinement effect. The shear capacity of two-way hinges is defined as well by the shear friction theory imposed by the code. This paper presents a finite element analysis of two-way hinges to evaluate their behaviors. The experimental data were taken from a recent experimental investigation of two way hinges specimens subjected to axial load only. A numerical analysis was done using ABAQUS software. Based on the good convergence between the numerical and experimental results, a further analysis was conducted to investigate the hinge behavior under the simultaneous effect of axial and lateral loads. It was observed that the tri-axial stresses and confinement provided by the larger area strengthen the throat region, and the axial capacity of the hinge is amplified by a conﬁnement factor equal to three. Furthermore, the confining stress produced by the column on the throat increased the hinge shear capacity more than what the code indicates.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.102.4</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>two-way hinge</keyword>
            <keyword>reinforced concrete</keyword>
            <keyword>finite element method</keyword>
            <keyword>load-displacement curve</keyword>
            <keyword>amplification factor</keyword>
            <keyword>shear friction</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.102.4/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10205-10205</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>57196054199</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0002-0840-6828</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Radaev</surname>
              <initials>Anton</initials>
              <email>TW-inc@yandex.ru</email>
              <address>St. Petersburg, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0002-9666-9520</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Mentishinov</surname>
              <initials>Alexey</initials>
              <email>Mentishinov@yandex.ru</email>
              <address>St. Petersburg, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0002-1030-8370</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Tarasov</surname>
              <initials>Vladimir</initials>
              <email>vtarasov1000@yandex.ru</email>
              <address>St. Petersburg, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="004">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>56091980300</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0003-3850-424X</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Lalin</surname>
              <initials>Vladimir</initials>
              <email>vllalin@yandex.ru</email>
              <address>29 Politechnicheskaya St., St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Methodology for calculation and design of earthquake-resistant vibroisolated turbine foundations</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">The object of research in the article is the vibroisolated foundation of a high-power turbine unit (1000 MW). World energy is developing rapidly today and there is a need to build energy facilities in areas of high seismicity. The acute question is the lack of a comprehensive methodology for calculating and designing earthquake-resistant foundations of turbine units. The article proposes a general procedure of actions aimed at increasing the seismic resistance of the foundations of turbine units. Implementation of the proposed methodology was carried out on a specific example of a vibroisolated foundation: the dependences of seismic accelerations and displacements were obtained for different variants of seismic isolation. Application of the above technique allows to reduce seismic acceleration on capacitors by more than 2 times, seismic movements of capacitors by more than 3 times.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.102.5</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>structural dynamics</keyword>
            <keyword>civil engineering</keyword>
            <keyword>structure seismic stability</keyword>
            <keyword>earthquake protection</keyword>
            <keyword>seismic resistance</keyword>
            <keyword>vibration insulation</keyword>
            <keyword>turbogenerator set foundation</keyword>
            <keyword>response spectra</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.102.5/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10206-10206</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>57194452261</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0003-2062-5289</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering</orgName>
              <surname>Mukhametrakhimov</surname>
              <initials>Rustem</initials>
              <email>muhametrahimov@mail.ru</email>
              <address>Kazan, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>57194444416</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0001-7581-4736</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering</orgName>
              <surname>Lukmanova</surname>
              <initials>Liliya</initials>
              <email>lilya0503199@gmail.com</email>
              <address>Kazan, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Structure and properties of mortar printed on a 3D printer</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">The influence of the molding process of sand-cement mortar printed on a 3D printer on its structure and properties is investigated. The mortar mix was characterized by a mobility Pk = 2, which corresponds to an immersion depth of the etalon cone of 5 cm. Determination of compressive strength was carried out on standard samples of beams with dimensions of 40×40×160 mm by loading them on a press in pure compression mode. Water absorption was defined as the ratio of the difference between the mass of a water-saturated sample and the mass of a dried sample to the mass of a dried sample. The porosity of the hardened mortar samples was determined by the results of determining their density, water absorption and sorption moisture. Defects of the sand-cement mortar mix and hardened composites, formed by the extrusion (3D printing), were determined by the visual and instrumental methods using a measuring metal rule. It is shown that the raw mixes currently used (similar to accepted in experimental studies) are not adapted for their extrusion (3D printing), as reflected in the appearance of various defects – different layer thicknesses, crushing of the underlying layers, cracks, skew of the mixture, inhomogeneous structure of the hardened composite, mix spreadability, high porosity. It was found that the molding of the studied sand-cement mortar by the extrusion (3D printing) leads to increased total pore volume by 10 %, open capillary pore volume by 22 %, conditionally closed pore volume by 9 %, microporosity by 8 %, reduction in open non-capillary volume by 65 % compared to the traditional injection molding samples of a similar composition with further compaction. This leads to a decrease in compressive strength by half compared with the injection molding method with further compaction, and an increase in water absorption by 22 %. Based on the results, the directions of improving the raw mixes for 3D printing are determined.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.102.6</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>concretes</keyword>
            <keyword>cements</keyword>
            <keyword>mortar</keyword>
            <keyword>3D printing</keyword>
            <keyword>extrusion</keyword>
            <keyword>additive manufacturing</keyword>
            <keyword>3DCP</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.102.6/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10207-10207</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>57209972900</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0001-6869-8941</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Mien Tay Construction University</orgName>
              <surname>Do</surname>
              <initials>Thi My Dung</initials>
              <email>dothimydung1983@gmail.com</email>
              <address>Vinh Long city, Vietnam</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>57207950600</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0003-3142-428X</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Mien Tay Construction University</orgName>
              <surname>Lam</surname>
              <initials>Thanh Quang Kha</initials>
              <email>lamthanhquangkhai@gmail.com</email>
              <address>Vinh Long city, Vietnam</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Design parameters of steel fiber concrete beams</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">In the study of steel fiber concrete beams, there are many design parameters that affecting stress-strain state, cracks formation and cracks development, etc. in beams. Changes of these design parameters will affect bearing capacity, displacement and cracks in beams. ANSYS can simulate the work of beams when design parameters be changed. Therefore, in this paper, the authors used ANSYS numerical simulation method to simulate design parameters of beams which be changed, to bearing capacity such as: steel fiber content in concrete, shear steel stirrups spacing at the ends of the beam, number of tensile steel bars, diameter of tensile steel bars, considering the nonlinear element of the materials, etc to consider the cracks formation and cracks development in beams from the beginning of loading to the damaged beams and then build the load and stress relationship, load and vertical displacement relationship in steel fiber concrete beams. Beam simulation results show that changes of these design parameters have affected the bearing capacity, stress-strain state, cracks formation and cracks development of beams, with the beams when increasing the content of steel fibers in concrete, increasing the number of tensile steel bars, increasing the diameter of tensile steel etc., making the beams reduce cracks, increase the bearing capacity, etc. for the beams. Simulation results were also compared with experimental methods. So, the study of these design parameters helps the design of steel fiber concrete beam structures to withstand impact loads and limit cracks in beams.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.102.7</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>steel fiber concrete</keyword>
            <keyword>steel fiber content</keyword>
            <keyword>nonlinear material</keyword>
            <keyword>crack</keyword>
            <keyword>stress-strain</keyword>
            <keyword>numerical simulation</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.102.7/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10208-10208</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>57189629580</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0002-0995-9512</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>University of Tehran</orgName>
              <surname>Ghiami Azad </surname>
              <initials>Amir Reza</initials>
              <email>rghiami@ut.ac.ir</email>
              <address>Tehran, Iran</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>57204476751</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0003-0431-0439</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>University of Tehran</orgName>
              <surname>Haji</surname>
              <initials>Mohammad</initials>
              <email>mohammadhaji@semnan.ac.ir</email>
              <address>Tehran, Iran</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0002-8073-2230</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>University of Tehran</orgName>
              <surname>Azarhomayun</surname>
              <initials>Fazel</initials>
              <email>fazel.azarhomayun@ut.ac.ir</email>
              <address>Tehran, Iran</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Numerical investigation of truss-shaped braces in eccentrically braced steel frames</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">Eccentrically braced frames are one of the most popular systems in buildings because they provide both high stiffness and ductility to the structure. Other systems such as moment frames and concentrically braced frames do not usually provide desirable stiffness and ductility, respectively. Steel shear walls are also popular systems in steel buildings; however, they can be expensive due to the large amount of steel used in these systems. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate new types of eccentrically braced frames. In this paper a truss-shaped brace is proposed and its behavior under cyclic loading in an eccentrically braced frame is numerically investigated using finite element software. Different cross-sections are implemented in the truss-shaped brace and the effect of the cross-section on the behavior of the frame is studied and compared to the reference specimen with conventional configuration. The results of this study show that hollow square cross-section with 100 mm width and 4 mm thickness had the best performance in terms of strength, absorbed energy and pinching compared to other specimens.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.102.8</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>finite element method</keyword>
            <keyword>cyclic loads</keyword>
            <keyword>stainless steel</keyword>
            <keyword>buckling</keyword>
            <keyword>hysteresis</keyword>
            <keyword>eccentric brace</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.102.8/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10209-10209</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>“B.E. Vedeneev VNIIG”, JSC</orgName>
              <surname>Ivanova</surname>
              <initials>Tatyana</initials>
              <email>IvanovaTV@vniig.ru</email>
              <address>21, Gzhatskaya St., Saint Petersburg, Russia, 195220</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Petersburg State Transport University</orgName>
              <surname>Prokopovich</surname>
              <initials>Sergey</initials>
              <email>spr94@outlook.com</email>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Petersburg State Transport University</orgName>
              <surname>Uzdin</surname>
              <initials>Alexander</initials>
              <email>uzdin@mail.ru</email>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Setting seismic input characteristics required for designing</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">The paper is devoted to the analysis of seismic input characteristics from the point of view of their importance for engineers. It is noted that the design input does not need to have an external resemblance to the real one but it must provide for some properties of real actions. The paper considers three groups of seismic input characteristics: kinematic, spectral and energy ones. The stability of the characteristics under consideration is analyzed within the seismic intensity on the MSK scale. Among all characteristics, peak acceleration, peak velocity, harmonicity coefficient, Arias intensity, and absolute cumulative velocity are highlighted. It is noted that the kinematic characteristics significantly depend on the prevailing accelerogram period, and many energy characteristics are stable within the seismic intensity under consideration and can describe it. It is noted that for calculating structures under the design earthquake action, the kinematic characteristics should be fundamental for the engineer, and for calculating structures under the destructive (maximum design) earthquake action, the energy characteristics are fundamental. Two new seismic input characteristics are introduced, which are based on the response spectrum of the work of plastic deformation forces and on the structure damage spectrum.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.102.9</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>models of seismic input</keyword>
            <keyword>velocity impulse</keyword>
            <keyword>characteristics of seismic effects</keyword>
            <keyword>seismic design</keyword>
            <keyword>structure damage spectrum</keyword>
            <keyword>response spectrum of the work of plastic deformation forces</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.102.9/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10210-10210</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <researcherid>H-5843-2013</researcherid>
              <scopusid>57205122537</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0002-8367-7927</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Riga Technical University</orgName>
              <surname>Pakrastins</surname>
              <initials>Leonids</initials>
              <email>leonids.pakrastins@rtu.lv</email>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0002-2908-4565</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Akimov</surname>
              <initials>Stanislav</initials>
              <email>akimov_sv@spbstu.ru</email>
              <address>St. Petersburg, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Belyaeva</surname>
              <initials>Svetlana</initials>
              <email>sbelaeva@gmail.com</email>
              <address>Polytechnicheskay, 29</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="004">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>56434340300</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0002-5694-1737</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Usanova</surname>
              <initials>Kseniia</initials>
              <email>plml@mail.ru</email>
              <address>St. Petersburg, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="005">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>7801686579</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0001-7011-8213</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Barabanschikov</surname>
              <initials>Yuri</initials>
              <email>ugb@mail.ru</email>
              <address>Polytechnicheskay, 29</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Heat release and thermal conductivity of expanded-clay concrete for 3D printer</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">The subject of research is expanded-clay concrete with additives of ground granulated blast-furnace slag, silica fume, superplasticizer admixture and air-entraining admixture for 3D printing. The heat release of concrete and thermal conductivity of concrete are investigated depending on the concrete composition (cement, water cement ratio, expanded-clay), additives (slag, silica fume) and admixtures (superplasticizer, air-entraining agent). The thermal conductivity of concrete depends primarily on the expanded clay gravel content and depends less on the cement content. If both factors increase, the thermal conductivity decreases. This is due to the replacement of dense sand grains with a more porous cement paste. The influence of air-entraining admixture on the thermal conductivity of expanded-clay concrete was not detected due to the high scattering of the experimental points. It was confirmed that the cement content and water cement ratio have an impact on the integral value of the heat release per unit mass of cement (q = Q/C). This value decreases with increasing cement content. The reason for this is that the total heat generated by concrete Q, with constant W/C and other equal conditions, increases linearly with increasing the cement content. The air-entraining admixture increases the heat generation by concrete. This is due to the chemical interaction between the admixture and cement hydration products with the formation of thermodynamically more stable compounds.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.102.10</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>claydite concrete</keyword>
            <keyword>expanded-clay concrete</keyword>
            <keyword>cement</keyword>
            <keyword>superplasticizer</keyword>
            <keyword>heat release</keyword>
            <keyword>heat of hydration</keyword>
            <keyword>thermal conductivity</keyword>
            <keyword>permeability of heat</keyword>
            <keyword>thermal transmittance</keyword>
            <keyword>3D printer</keyword>
            <keyword>regression analysis</keyword>
            <keyword>furnace slag</keyword>
            <keyword>silica fume</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.102.10/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10211-10211</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <researcherid>H-9967-2013</researcherid>
              <scopusid>16412815600</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0002-8588-3871</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>National Research University "Moscow Power Engineering Institute"</orgName>
              <surname>Kirsanov</surname>
              <initials>Mikhail</initials>
              <email>mpei2004@yandex.ru</email>
              <address>14, Krasnokazarmennaya, 111250 Moscow, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Analytical calculation of deflection of a planar truss with a triple lattice</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">We propose a scheme of a statically determinate truss with straight chord s and four supports, one of which is a fixed hinge, the other movable hinges. The task is to obtain the dependence of the deflection of the middle span of the structure on the number of panels. The problem is solved by induction using operators of the Maple computer mathematics system. The deflection is determined by the Maxwell – Mohr's formula, the forces in the rods are found from the solution of the joint system of the equation of equilibrium of nodes, the unknowns of which include the reaction of the supports. of nodes, whose unknowns include the reaction of the supports. The inclusion of support reactions in the system of equilibrium equations allows us to reveal the external static indeterminability of the structure. Generalizing a number of solutions for trusses with a consistently increasing number of panels, the desired dependence is obtained. To do this, we create recurrent equations that satisfy the terms of the sequences of coefficients in the deflection formula. The resulting homogeneous linear recurrent equations have a degree no higher than the eighth in the case of a problem with a load distributed over the upper chord and the sixth for a concentrated load in the middle of the span. Solving these equations in the Maple environment using the rsolve operator gives expressions of the dependence of the coefficients of the desired formula on the number of panels. The asymptotics of solutions are found. The dependence of the horizontal shift of the mobile support on the action of distributed and concentrated load is also obtained. Formulas are derived for the dependence on the number of panels of forces in some elements in the middle of the span. The obtained solutions can be used for preliminary evaluation of the designed structure and for evaluating the accuracy of numerical solutions.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.102.11</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>structural design</keyword>
            <keyword>truss</keyword>
            <keyword>deflection</keyword>
            <keyword>Maple</keyword>
            <keyword>asymptotics</keyword>
            <keyword>exact solution</keyword>
            <keyword>induction</keyword>
            <keyword>stability</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.102.11/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10212-10212</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>6506150284</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0003-1139-3164</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University)</orgName>
              <surname>Sainov</surname>
              <initials>Mikhail</initials>
              <email>mp_sainov@mail.ru</email>
              <address>Moscow, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering</orgName>
              <surname>Kotov</surname>
              <initials>Filipp</initials>
              <email>filipp_net@mail.ru</email>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Tendencies in developing structural designs of non-soil seepage-control structures of embankment dams</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">Introduction. The urgent scientific and practical problem in hydraulic engineering is refinement of structural designs of embankment dams with seepage-control elements (SCE) made of artificial materials. They should conform with the requirements of effectiveness and safety. Different authors make proposals on refinement of structural designs of embankment dams with SCE to be made of materials based on cement and on widening the sphere of their application. Materials and methods. Analyses were made of the spheres of application in hydraulic engineering of the materials based on cement: concrete, clay-cement concrete, soil-cement concrete, soil-cement mixes. With this consideration the analysis was made of SCE structure alternatives. Their classification permitted revealing the main tendencies in development of embankment dam structural designs. Results. The sphere of possible application of SCE different types depends on the dam height. For low-head and medium-head dams the most applicable design solution refers to dams with diaphragms made of clay-cement concrete bore piles. It was already tested in practice. For high-head and ultra-high-head dams the effective and safe solution has not been found yet. Four conceptual ways may be considered, but all of the men visage using structures made of cement-containing materials. The first way is refinement of a concrete face rockfill dam structural design. It may be realized by doubling the seepage control facility with use of geo-synthetic materials. The second way is elaboration of a principally new massive seepage-control structure to be made of material based on cement. The third way is use of combined dams, where the dam safety is enhanced by replacement of a part of an embankment dam by concrete. The fourth way is combination of different types of SCE each of which is arranged at different by height dam sections. Conclusions. Materials based on cement propose wide possibilities for refinement of embankment dam structural designs. Nevertheless, the main tendency in development of high-head embankment dam structural designs is application of SCE complicated structures with use of materials based on cement. By their structure they may be either double (multi-layered) or compound (SCE combination).</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.102.12</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>embankment dams</keyword>
            <keyword>non-soil seepage-control element</keyword>
            <keyword>cement</keyword>
            <keyword>diaphragm walls</keyword>
            <keyword>concrete face</keyword>
            <keyword>combined dams</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.102.12/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10213-10213</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Petersburg State Transport University</orgName>
              <surname>Smirnova</surname>
              <initials>Olga </initials>
              <email> smirnovaolgam@rambler.ru</email>
              <address>St. Petersburg, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Low-heat steaming treatment of concrete with polycarboxylate superplasticizers</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">Recommendations for quantity of polycarboxylate water-reducing admixtures, for the properties of Portland cement as well as the curing regimes is presented in order to reduce the Portland cement amount, to improve the transfer and design strength and durability of prefabricated structures. On the basis of experimental studies the parameters of low-heat steaming treatment of concrete with a polycarboxylate superplasticizer were stated: the duration of pre-exposure 2.5–3 hours, the rate of temperature rise 7°C/hour, the temperature of isothermal exposure 40–50 °C. The results obtained can be used in the production of precast prestressed sub-rail structures as well as other reinforced concrete structures with high performance characteristics at concrete plants with double or single mold turnover per day.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.102.13</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>precast prestressed reinforced concrete</keyword>
            <keyword>precast slabs</keyword>
            <keyword>railway sleepers</keyword>
            <keyword>steam-cured concrete</keyword>
            <keyword>polycarboxylate superplasticizer</keyword>
            <keyword>heat steaming treatment</keyword>
            <keyword>transport construction</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.102.13/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10214-10214</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>6602444316</scopusid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>LLC Research and Production Company “SCAD Soft”</orgName>
              <surname>Perelmuter</surname>
              <initials>Anatoliy</initials>
              <email>avp@scadsoft.com</email>
              <address>Kiev, Ukraine</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Tadeusz Kościuszko Cracow University of Technology</orgName>
              <surname>Fialko</surname>
              <initials>Sergey</initials>
              <email>sfialko@riad.pk.edu.pl</email>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering</orgName>
              <surname>Kabantsev</surname>
              <initials>Oleg</initials>
              <email>ovk531@gmail.com</email>
              <address>Moscow, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Elasto-plastic progressive collapse analysis based on the integration of the equations of motion</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">This paper considers the progressive collapse analysis of reinforced concrete structures based on the sudden removal of a load-bearing structural element and simulation of the dynamic structural behavior, taking into account the elasto-plastic properties of the material and the degradation of concrete during cracking. A specially developed finite element library is used, which includes triangular and quadrilateral shell finite elements of medium thickness, and a two-node finite element of a spatial frame, which take into account the discrete arrangement of reinforcement and various elasto-plastic material models for concrete and reinforcement. The novelty of the proposed approach lies in the formulation of both: the spatial frame and shell finite elements as a three-dimensional solid body with sequential application of the conventional hypothesis of the for Mindlin-Reissner shells of medium thickness, Timoshenko beams, and the elasto-plastic constitutive models. This makes it possible to achieve sufficiently high reliability of the results for engineering analysis, and on the other hand, a relatively simple implementation, which makes it possible to perform an elasto-plastic dynamic analysis of the entire design model of the structure, and not a separate fragment, in real time from the point of view of practical design. This approach is free from assumptions related to the introduction of a dynamic amplification factor into the quasi-static analysis, which is widely used to solve such problems. The paper provides a numerical example illustrating the effectiveness of using a special structure – an outrigger storey, to prevent progressive collapse, and a comparison of the nonlinear dynamic analysis and the linear one.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.102.14</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>progressive collapse</keyword>
            <keyword>reinforced concrete structures</keyword>
            <keyword>numerical analysis</keyword>
            <keyword>finite element method</keyword>
            <keyword>nonlinear dynamics</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.102.14/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10215-10215</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0002-6789-8930</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>K.N. Toosi University of Technology</orgName>
              <surname>Fanaie</surname>
              <initials>Nader</initials>
              <email>fanaie@kntu.ac.ir</email>
              <address>Tehran, Iran</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>K.N. Toosi University of Technology</orgName>
              <surname>Mehdipanah</surname>
              <initials>Hamidreza</initials>
              <email>hmehdipanah@mail.kntu.ac.ir</email>
              <address>Tehran, Iran</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Dynamic response of structures located in near-field and far-field regions using IDA and MIDA</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">In the current research project, an effort is made so as to investigate the capability of the innovative Modal Incremental Dynamic Analysis (MIDA) method considering 3D structural models, the effect of plan irregularities and near-field earthquake records. Therefore, to fulfil this goal, 10 near-field earthquake records in one principal direction of structures as well as 10 far-field earthquake records in two principal directions of structures are applied to 12 structures with 6, 12 and 18-storeys, and 10 %, 20 %, 30 % and 40 % plan irregularities. The study of these parameters reveals that in geometrically regular 3D structures, this innovative method meets all seismic demands parameters just as the IDA method does. Furthermore, it concludes that MIDA method is not capable of obtaining the exact IDA curves in low-rise and medium-rise structures located in near-field regions since it results in noticeable errors. Finally, it is essential to improve the MIDA approach for near-field earthquake records by replacing the drift criterion utilized in this method with a more accurate drift criterion.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.102.15</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>modal incremental dynamic analysis (MIDA)</keyword>
            <keyword>incremental dynamic analysis (IDA)</keyword>
            <keyword>3D model</keyword>
            <keyword>irregularity in plan</keyword>
            <keyword>near-field</keyword>
            <keyword>far-field</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.102.15/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
    </articles>
  </issue>
</journal>
