<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<journal>
  <titleid>75504</titleid>
  <issn>2712-8172</issn>
  <journalInfo lang="ENG">
    <title>Magazine of Civil Engineering</title>
  </journalInfo>
  <issue>
    <number>7</number>
    <altNumber>107</altNumber>
    <dateUni>2021</dateUni>
    <pages>1-163</pages>
    <articles>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10701-10701</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>55798707500</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0001-9060-0752</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Ural Federal University named after first president of Russia B.N. Yeltsin</orgName>
              <surname>Ponomarenko</surname>
              <initials>Alexander</initials>
              <email>ponfox@mail.ru</email>
              <address>Ekaterinburg, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Technogenic anhydrite binder for high-strength concrete</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">Currently the global trend is to expand the range of construction materials produced using resource-saving technologies that do not generate CO2 emissions. An important role in this is given to gypsum-anhydrite binders and concretes which can be obtained using a non-burning technology with the involvement of technogenic wastes which excludes the emission of carbon dioxide into the environment in comparison with Portland cement technology. The article is devoted to the results of studies on obtaining anhydrite binder from the by-product of sulfuric acid decomposition of fluorite concentrate – fluorine-anhydrite using other by-products of industry (metallurgical, mining and heat power) acting as active mineral additives. The influence patterns of such additives composition and quantity on the kinetics of milling and neutralization of fluorine-anhydrite are established. It is shown that the milling capacity of the anhydrite binder depends on the degree of binding of the acid component as well as the stoichiometry of chemical reactions between sulfuric acid contained in fluorine-anhydrite and additives minerals. The process of the acid component binding proceeds most actively with the addition of steel-refining slag in an amount of 12.3 % which allows to achieve a high milling rate of the binder. The resulting products of neutralization reactions are centers of crystallization which increases the hydraulic activity of fluorine-anhydrite. As a result, anhydrite binder comparable to Portland cement by physical and mechanical properties have been obtained. This binder is suitable for producing high-strength concrete of B30 class in which granules from neutralized fluorine-anhydrite are used as a coarse aggregate. Thus, the study made an important contribution to the material science of technogenic materials expanding their use in construction.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.107.1</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>hydrofluoric acid</keyword>
            <keyword>slags</keyword>
            <keyword>fly ash</keyword>
            <keyword>grinding (machining)</keyword>
            <keyword>setting</keyword>
            <keyword>compressive strength</keyword>
            <keyword>strength of material</keyword>
            <keyword>concretes</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.107.1/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10702-10702</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Jordan University of Science and Technology</orgName>
              <surname>Alkhawaldeh</surname>
              <initials>Ayah</initials>
              <email>aalkhawaldeh91@gmail.com</email>
              <address>Irbid, Jordan</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>6504446571</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0001-6981-7420</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Jordan University of Science and Technology</orgName>
              <surname>Al-Rousan</surname>
              <initials>Rajai</initials>
              <email>rzalrousan@just.edu.jo</email>
              <address>Irbid, Jordan</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Behavior of RC beams with different bond strength</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">This study investigates the impact of carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) composite to concrete bond strength degradation on the flexural response of CFRP strengthened reinforced concrete (RC) beams by using nonlinear finite element analysis (NLFEA). After reasonable validation of NLFEA simulated beams with the experimental test results of companion beams, NLFEA was expanded to provide a parametric study of twenty-two beams that correlates the ultimate flexural strength of RC beams to degradation in concrete compressive strength, degradation in bond strength, CFRP bond surface with concrete, and the number of layers and the size effect. The results show that the increase of CFRP-to-concrete contact area, concrete strength degradation, and epoxy bond strength degradation percentage had a significant impact on ultimate load capacity, ultimate deflection, stiffness, and energy absorption. Finally, new guidelines were proposed for designers and researchers to find the reduction in concrete strength as well as CFRP-to-concrete contact area at any ultimate load capacity of RC beams.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.107.2</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>materials science</keyword>
            <keyword>civil engineering</keyword>
            <keyword>structural</keyword>
            <keyword>concrete</keyword>
            <keyword>engineering</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.107.2/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10703-10703</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0002-2285-3034</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Kumoh National Institute of Technology</orgName>
              <surname>Mai</surname>
              <initials>Viet Chinh</initials>
              <email>maivietchinh@lqdtu.edu.vn</email>
              <address>Gumi, Gyeongbuk, South Korea</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Kumoh National Institute of Technology</orgName>
              <surname>Luu</surname>
              <initials>Xuan-Bach</initials>
              <email>xuanbachmta@gmail.com</email>
              <address>Gumi, Gyeongbuk, South Korea</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Institute of Techniques for Special Engineering, Le Quy Don Technical University</orgName>
              <surname>Nguyen</surname>
              <initials>Van-Tu</initials>
              <email>nguyentu@lqdtu.edu.vn</email>
              <address>Ha Noi, Viet Nam</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Ultra high-performance fiber reinforced concrete panel subjected to high velocity impact</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">In the last few decades, several full-scale tests have been performed to study the behavior of Ultra High-Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC). However, only limited research has been devoted to simulate performance of UHPFRC subjected to special load and impact, such as high-velocity impact. Accurate modeling and simulation of the UHPFRC panel subjected to high velocity impact is a big challenge involving costly experimental characterization of material and verification of ballistic impact response with actual test data. This article investigates the dynamic behavior of UHPFRC panel against multiple bullet impacts using the Holmquist-Johnson-Cook damage model incorporating both the damage and residual material strength. The projectile used in this study is chosen with high-speed and low-weight like the fragments which can be formed by industrial accidents or in an explosion. The kinetic and internal energies of the UHPFRC panel are also evaluated. The analysis results are compared to the High Strength Concrete (HSC) in terms of capability to absorb energy and reduce the damage on target panel.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.107.3</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>Ultra High-Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC)</keyword>
            <keyword>Holmquist-Johnson-Cook model</keyword>
            <keyword>high velocity impact</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.107.3/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10704-10704</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>57191529586</scopusid>
              <orcid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7083-7963</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Vologda State University</orgName>
              <surname>Solovyov</surname>
              <initials>Sergey</initials>
              <email>ser6sol@yandex.ru</email>
              <address>Vologda, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Vologda State University</orgName>
              <surname>Soloveva</surname>
              <initials>Anastasia</initials>
              <email>solovevaaa@vogu35.ru</email>
              <address>Vologda, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Structural reliability analysis using evidence theory and fuzzy probability distributions</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">A structural element failure probability (as a structural reliability measure) is an indicator of the structural safety. Approaches for structural reliability analysis with incomplete statistical data are a special scientific problem. In the development of this scientific direction, the article proposed a method for structural reliability analysis based on a combination of evidence theory and fuzzy probability distributions when the problem of reliability analysis involves quantitative and qualitative uncertainty at the same time. The article presents an experimental study of reliability analysis for a steel truss by the truss members strength criterion based on various approaches to reliability analysis. The reliability interval [0.99272; 1] of the proposed method covers the FOSM (First Order Second Moment) reliability value of 0.99354. From the experiment results, it follows that the proposed approach can be used in practice for a more cautious assessment of the structural reliability with incomplete statistical information. The proposed approach also allows reducing the number of tests and getting an operational (preliminary) assessment of the structural element reliability. The value of the acceptable reliability level in discrete or interval form should be set individually for each design situation taking into account the risk of economic and non-economic losses.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.107.4</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>durability</keyword>
            <keyword>reliability</keyword>
            <keyword>structural mechanics</keyword>
            <keyword>failure probability</keyword>
            <keyword>structural design</keyword>
            <keyword>steel truss</keyword>
            <keyword>safety</keyword>
            <keyword>interval data</keyword>
            <keyword>strength</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.107.4/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10705-10705</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>25637856200</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0003-4513-809X</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Kyiv State Technical University of Construction and Architecture</orgName>
              <surname>Yurchenko</surname>
              <initials>Vitalina</initials>
              <email>vitalinay@rambler.ru</email>
              <address>Kyiv, Ukraine</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>25637832500</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0001-7028-9653</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Lviv Polytechnic National University</orgName>
              <surname>Peleshko</surname>
              <initials>Ivan</initials>
              <email>ipeleshko@hotmail.com</email>
              <address>Lviv, Ukraine</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Methodology for solving parametric optimization problems of steel structures</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">The main research goal is the development of a numerical methodology for solving parametric optimization problems of steel structures with orientation to software implementation in a computer-aided design system. The paper introduces a new mathematical model for parametric optimization problems of steel structures. The design variable vector includes geometrical parameters of the structure (node coordinates), cross-sectional dimensions of the structural members, as well as initial pre-stressing forces introduced into the specified redundant members of the structure. The system of constraints covers load-carrying capacities constraints formulated for all design sections of structural members of the steel structure subjected to all ultimate load case combinations. The displacements constraints formulated for the specified nodes of the steel structure subjected to all serviceability load case combinations have been also included into the system of constraints. The method of the objective function gradient projection onto the active constraints surface with simultaneous correction of the constraints violations has been used for solving the parametric optimization problem. A numerical algorithm for solving the formulated parametric optimization problems of steel structures has been developed in the paper. The comparison of the optimization results of truss structures presented by the paper confirms the validity of the optimum solutions obtained using the proposed numerical methodology.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.107.5</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>optimization</keyword>
            <keyword>steel structures</keyword>
            <keyword>nonlinear programming</keyword>
            <keyword>strength</keyword>
            <keyword>buckling</keyword>
            <keyword>stiffness</keyword>
            <keyword>gradient projection method</keyword>
            <keyword>finite element method</keyword>
            <keyword>numerical algorithm</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.107.5/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10706-10706</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Bryansk State University of Engineering and Technology</orgName>
              <surname>Serpik</surname>
              <initials>Igor</initials>
              <email>iserpik@online.debryansk.ru</email>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Bryansk State University of Engineering and Technology</orgName>
              <surname>Shkolyarenko</surname>
              <initials>Roman</initials>
              <email>shkroman130@mail.ru</email>
              <address>Bryansk, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Algorithm of correcting bimoments in calculations of thin-walled bar systems</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">An algorithm developed for enhancing the accuracy of the calculation of frames formed by thin-walled open-section bars is presented. The existing bar models for analysis of frame systems consisting of open-section bars subjected to restrained torsion require improvement. Some authors have shown that the traditional premise of a balance of bimoments at the junction of such bars may be violated in many cases. The methodology described in this article is formulated on the condition that the disbalance on bimoments in connecting nodes of rods reinforced with transversal ribs can be taken into account on the basis of the eccentric moments transfer on the bar junctions. An approach based on the Lagrange variational principle to the construction of equations of finite element analysis while taking into account such disbalances is proposed. Herewith, some additional nodal bimoments are introduced. They allow us to correct the solution of the problem and do not affect the global stiffness matrix of the finite element system. A presented rapidly converging iterative process makes it possible to estimate the values of such bimoments. The performance of the suggested methodology has been illustrated via an example of the calculation of frames made of I-beams and U-beams. The comparison of the results of bimoments definition using the developed bar calculation schemes and shell models have shown that the suggested algorithm allows describing the disbalance of bimoments in bar connection nodes to a fairly high degree of precision for practical goals. This result may have significant importance for improving computer modelling of deformations of the thin-walled open-section bar structures.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.107.6</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>frames</keyword>
            <keyword>thin-walled bars</keyword>
            <keyword>restrained torsion</keyword>
            <keyword>bimoments</keyword>
            <keyword>bar connection nodes</keyword>
            <keyword>finite element method</keyword>
            <keyword>iterative process</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.107.6/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10707-10707</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>57194112309</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0001-6184-2365</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Vyatka State University</orgName>
              <surname>Tyukalov</surname>
              <initials>Yury</initials>
              <email>yutvgu@mail.ru</email>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Arbitrary quadrangular finite element for plates with shear deformations</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">An arbitrary quadrangular bending finite element based on a piecewise constant approximation of moments is proposed. The solution is based on the principles of minimum additional energy and possible displacements. The finite element allows you to consider the shear deformation, regardless of the ratio of the plate thickness to its sizes. The effect of locking in the calculation of thin plates is absent. Comparison of the results of the oblique plates calculation, annular and round plates with analytical solutions and calculation results for other programs was done. The comparison shows good accuracy in determining displacements and moments. Crushing the finite elements mesh makes the displacement values tend to exact values from above. To assess the influence of the finite element shape, the square plate calculations were made. To model the square plate, quadrangular elements were used, obtained from rectangular ones by changing the slope of one side. At the same time, the calculating accuracy of the displacements and moments decreased slightly. The proposed finite element is easy to implement. The problem solution did not require a numerical integration or the mapping of the quadrangular region to the rectangular one. The necessary expressions were obtained analytically.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.107.7</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>finite element method</keyword>
            <keyword>flexible plates</keyword>
            <keyword>shear deformations</keyword>
            <keyword>approximation of moments</keyword>
            <keyword>arbitrary quadrangular finite element</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.107.7/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10708-10708</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0002-6486-6589</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Tarasevsky</surname>
              <initials>Philipp</initials>
              <email>89213886908@mail.ru</email>
              <address>St.Petersburg, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Badenko</surname>
              <initials>Vladimir</initials>
              <email>vbadenko@gmail.com</email>
              <address>St. Petersburg, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0001-8328-9556</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Company "Elita"</orgName>
              <surname>Goryunov</surname>
              <initials>Igor</initials>
              <email>i.goryunov@smartwater.su</email>
              <address>St. Petersburg, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Open flow damper in effluent control system</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">Nowadays, there are enterprises that use a direct-flow cooling system without treatment of used water before discharging it into a water body. Most of these enterprises use outdated equipment in the cooling system (including oil cooling systems). As a result, there is a high probability of oil products getting into the natural water body. An oil product in a stream of water can be dissolved and undissolved (emulsion). The design of the flow damper proposed in this work is part of a functioning industrial water quality control system. The flow damper is designed to register undissolved oil products in the water flow from the cooling system of a CHP plant. Measurements are conducted at the control points. The research model includes the development of a solid model of the flow damper (including the analysis of its use in a natural environment modelled by software package with the possibility of CFD analysis) and the calculation of oil particles ascent time inside the damper. The result of the study is the design of the flow damper, which ensures oil film detection in the cooling system effluents discharged into the water body.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.107.8</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>Oil products control</keyword>
            <keyword>water quality control</keyword>
            <keyword>flow damper</keyword>
            <keyword>combined heat and power station</keyword>
            <keyword>CFD</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.107.8/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10709-10709</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>57189345350</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0002-8380-0067</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Koriakovtseva (Musorina)</surname>
              <initials>Tatiana</initials>
              <address>29 Politechnicheskaya St., St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Zaborova</surname>
              <initials>Daria</initials>
              <address>St. Petersburg, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>56426211200</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0002-3541-0072</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Petrichenko</surname>
              <initials>Mikhail</initials>
              <email>fonpetrich@mail.ru</email>
              <address>Polytechnicheskay, 29</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="004">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Stolyarov</surname>
              <initials>Oleg</initials>
              <email>oleg.stolyarov@rambler.ru</email>
              <address>Polytechnicheskay, 29</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Flexural properties of hogweed chips reinforced cement composites</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">Application of natural plant additives allows improving thermal and mechanical properties of concrete composites. Environmentally friendly wood waste is gaining particular popularity. One of the promising filler types for concrete is hogweed chips. In this study, the flexural properties of two types of concrete composites reinforced with plant additive samples, including a large additive of hogweed 50 mm long and a medium additive of hogweed 25 mm long were examined. In addition, a composite sample reinforced with short polypropylene fiber was produced. Each series of concrete composite consists of three samples. A three-point bending test was conducted to determine the reinforcement efficiency of the manufactured composites. Instron 5965 (USA) unit helped determine maximum load and normal stress. The results showed that the flexural strength of composites with long additive pieces is greater than that of the other samples. The increase in flexural strength was 5% and 25% for composite made of short and long pieces, respectively. The interaction mechanism between wood additives and cement matrix in the composite was analyzed by means of optical microscopy. The surface formations were found to significantly affect the bonding properties of the concrete and the hogweed.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.107.9</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>concrete composites</keyword>
            <keyword>hogweed</keyword>
            <keyword>polypropylene fiber</keyword>
            <keyword>mechanical properties</keyword>
            <keyword>bending</keyword>
            <keyword>reinforcement efficiency</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.107.9/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10710-10710</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals</orgName>
              <surname>Ibrahim</surname>
              <initials>Mohammed</initials>
              <email>ibrahim@kfupm.edu.sa</email>
              <address>Saudi Arabia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University</orgName>
              <surname>Nasir</surname>
              <initials>Muhammad</initials>
              <email>mnmuhammad@iau.edu.sa</email>
              <address>Saudi Arabia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>King Fahd University of Petroleum &amp; Minerals</orgName>
              <surname>Hussaini</surname>
              <initials>Syed Rizwanullah</initials>
              <email>rsyed@kfupm.edu.sa</email>
              <address>Saudi Arabia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="004">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>King Fahd University of Petroleum &amp; Minerals</orgName>
              <surname>Najamuddin</surname>
              <initials>Syed Khaja</initials>
              <email>sknajam@kfupm.edu.sa</email>
              <address>Saudi Arabia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="005">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>King Fahd University Of Petroleum and Minerals</orgName>
              <surname>Ewebajo </surname>
              <initials>Adeoluwa</initials>
              <email>adeoluwaewebajo@gmail.com</email>
              <address>Dhahran. Saudi-Arabia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Performance of structurally viable green concrete derived from natural Pozzolan and Nanosilica</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">The effect of admixing nanosilica on the fresh and hardened properties of natural pozzolan (NP) based alkali activated concrete (AAC) was examined. The workability, setting times, engineering properties, durability characteristics and pore structure of concrete were evaluated. In addition, the polymerization mechanism was assessed by SEM and XRD analysis. The results indicated that there was insignificant influence of nanosilica on the flow of mortar, however, the setting times of concrete were prolonged with an increase in the nanosilica content. The prominent phases evolved in XRD pattern were philipsite and anorthite which are form of C/N-A-S-H and C-(A)-S-H gel, respectively. A greater absorption of Al and Ca was observed in the mixes prepared with sizeable amount of nanosilica, which enhanced the microstructure and pore structure characterized by fewer voids (&gt;1000 nm) and more gel pores (</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.107.10</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>alkaline-activated concrete</keyword>
            <keyword>fresh and hardened properties</keyword>
            <keyword>morphology and mineralogy</keyword>
            <keyword>nano-silica</keyword>
            <keyword>natural Pozzolan</keyword>
            <keyword>pore structure</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.107.10/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10711-10711</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>University of Transport and Communications</orgName>
              <surname>Nguyen</surname>
              <initials>Thanh Sang</initials>
              <email>nguyenthanhsang@utc.edu.vn</email>
              <address>Hanoi, Viet Nam</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>University of Transport and Communications</orgName>
              <surname>Thai</surname>
              <initials>Minh Quan</initials>
              <email>minhquan.thai@utc.edu.vn</email>
              <address>Hanoi, Viet Nam</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>57191583880</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0002-6012-6460</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Civil and Environmental Engineering Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University</orgName>
              <surname>Ho</surname>
              <initials>Lanh Si</initials>
              <email>lanhhs@utt.edu.vn</email>
              <address>Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Properties of fine-grained concrete containing fly ash and bottom ash</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">In the present paper, large amounts of bottom ash (BA) and fly ash (FA) in a Vung Ang thermal power plant in Vietnam were used to substitute crushed sand (CS) to produce fine-grained concrete. The FA content was fixed at 20 %, the BA content increased from 20 % to 50 % corresponding to the CS content decreased from 60 % to 30 %. Four mixtures of fine-grained concrete were prepared to produce concrete. It was found that the compressive and splitting tensile strengths decreased when the amount of FA and BA increased from 40 % to 70 %. The compressive and the splitting tensile strengths were comparable to those in conventional concrete containing bottom ash. The larger content of bottom ash caused higher water absorption and resulted in lower chloride resistance, which is because of the porous structure of BA. Based on the results of chloride resistance, this fine-grained concrete is classified as moderately permeable concrete. The results of this study indicated that crushed sand (fine aggregate) of fine-grained concrete can be replaced by fly ash incorporated with bottom ash up to 60 % and this fine-grained concrete can be applied for construction works as conventional concrete.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.107.11</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>fly ash</keyword>
            <keyword>bottom ash</keyword>
            <keyword>fine-grained concrete</keyword>
            <keyword>water absorption</keyword>
            <keyword>chloride penetration</keyword>
            <keyword>compressive strength</keyword>
            <keyword>splitting tensile strength</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.107.11/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10712-10712</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Dresden University of Technology</orgName>
              <surname>Semenov</surname>
              <initials>Artem</initials>
              <email>Semenov.Artem@googlemail.com</email>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Grishchenko</surname>
              <initials>Alexei</initials>
              <email>gai-gr@yandex.ru</email>
              <address>29 Politechnicheskaya St., St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <surname>Artiukh</surname>
              <initials>Viktor</initials>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="004">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>6701751705</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0002-7889-1996</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University</orgName>
              <surname>Boris</surname>
              <initials>Melnikov</initials>
              <email>kafedra@ksm.spbstu.ru</email>
              <address>Polytechnicheskay, 29</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Long-term strength of polyethylene pipes with increased temperature resistance without reinforcement</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">Results of long-term hydrostatic strength study of piping systems made from polyethylene with increased temperature resistance PE-RT type II of Hostalen 4731B without reinforcement are presented and discussed in this paper. The different approximations of durability curves and various equivalent stress measures are considered and compared. An analytical expression for the maximum allowable internal pressure as function of service life of pipes, temperature, geometrical parameters of pipe cross-section and material properties is given. Pipes without reinforcement with nominal outer diameters from 32 mm to 225 mm were analyzed to assess long-term hydrostatic strength using equivalent stress, provided that there is no change in mechanism of damage accumulation. This allowed us to use linear extrapolation into area of long service life. The results indicate possible use of pipes SDR7.4 in heating networks for 50 years with heat transfer fluid parameters of 95 °C and internal pressure of 1 MPa.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.107.12</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>polyethylene pipe</keyword>
            <keyword>long-term hydrostatic strength</keyword>
            <keyword>durability</keyword>
            <keyword>elasticity</keyword>
            <keyword>temperature</keyword>
            <keyword>pressure</keyword>
            <keyword>equivalent stress</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.107.12/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10713-10713</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0003-3840-0715</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Czech Technical University</orgName>
              <surname>Schreiberova</surname>
              <initials>Hana</initials>
              <email>schreiberova@fsv.cvut.cz</email>
              <address>Prague, Czech Republic</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0001-9466-0867</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Czech Technical University</orgName>
              <surname>Trtik</surname>
              <initials>Tomas</initials>
              <email>trtik@fsv.cvut.cz</email>
              <address>Prague, Czech Republic</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0001-5497-0705</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Czech Technical University</orgName>
              <surname>Chylik</surname>
              <initials>Roman</initials>
              <email>chylik@fsv.cvut.cz</email>
              <address>Prague, Czech Republic</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="004">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0002-1036-0398</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Czech Technical University</orgName>
              <surname>Prosek</surname>
              <initials>Zdenek</initials>
              <email>prosek@fsv.cvut.cz</email>
              <address>Prague, Czech Republic</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="005">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0001-8845-1612</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Czech Technical University</orgName>
              <surname>Seps</surname>
              <initials>Karel</initials>
              <email>seps@fsv.cvut.cz</email>
              <address>Prague, Czech Republic</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="006">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0001-8281-3053</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Czech Technical University</orgName>
              <surname>Fladr</surname>
              <initials>Josef</initials>
              <email>fladr@fsv.cvut.cz</email>
              <address>Thakurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="007">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0003-3750-5005</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Czech Technical University</orgName>
              <surname>Bily</surname>
              <initials>Petr</initials>
              <email>petr.bily@fsv.cvut.cz</email>
              <address>Thakurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="008">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0002-7093-1113</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Czech Technical University</orgName>
              <surname>Kohoutkova</surname>
              <initials>Alena</initials>
              <address>Prague, Czech Republic</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Self-healing in cementitious composite containing bacteria and protective polymers at various temperatures</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">Autonomous sealing of cracks in concrete through bacteria-induced calcification has become a topic of great concern in the last two decades. This paper is focused on two main issues of the so-called bio-based self-healing concrete, i.e. protection of the bacterial spores embedded in the cementitious matrix and behavior of the material at low temperatures. The second aspect is particularly important as the impact of the conditions corresponding to real outside environment was rarely investigated before. An investigation of the influence of temperatures below the freezing point is a unique extension of the current state of the art. In the current study, as a form of protection, superabsorbent polymers (SAP) powder and 16 % polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) water solution are applied. The performed mechanical tests showed pronounced negative impact of the PVA addition on both tensile and compressive strength (a decrease of 56 % and 79 %, respectively), while the SAP negatively affected only the compressive strength (a drop of 30 %). In our study, the composite containing SAP reached even slightly higher tensile strength compared to the control (around 7 % increase). The healing action was observed on cracked cementitious composites beams at ideal (i.e. room) temperature, low temperature (10 °C), and after exposure to freeze cycles (–5 to 0 °C). After 28-day immersion in water at the ideal temperature, the series containing SAP and bacterial spores (BAC_SAP) showed the most pronounced healing – the value of the average maximum healed crack width (Δwmax) reached 219 μm. In the case of preliminary freeze cycling, the BAC_SAP also reached the highest values. At low temperatures, the positive impact of SAP seems to be inhibited as Δwmax is the highest in the control series. In all of the applied conditions, insufficient crack-sealing was detectable in the samples containing PVA. Thus, the SAP proved to be applicable for the protection of bacterial spores at ideal temperatures; however, more research concerning its mechanism in cementitious composite at lower temperatures is needed.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.107.13</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>self-healing concrete; bacteria; cracks; PVA; superabsorbent polymers (SAP); freeze</keyword>
            <keyword>low temperature</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.107.13/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10714-10714</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>23979325700</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0002-0806-9999</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University</orgName>
              <surname>Al-Kutti</surname>
              <initials>Walid</initials>
              <email>wasalem@iau.edu.sa</email>
              <address>Dammam, Saudi Arabia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>South Ural State University</orgName>
              <surname>Chernykh</surname>
              <initials>Tamara</initials>
              <email>chernyhtn@gmail.com</email>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Isotropic damage model to simulate failure in reinforced concrete beam</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">This study investigates the possibility of simulating the behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams subjected to flexure using a simplified elasto-isotropic damage. The phenomenological damage concept was used to evaluate stress-induced damage. The influence of the damage on elastic stiffness was used to evaluate mechanical performance with respect to material degradation. RC beams damaged in flexure with 40 %, 60 %, 75 %, and 90 % of ultimate flexural loading were modeled using the COMSOL Multi-physics finite element package to simulate mechanical performance of RC concrete beams. The proposed elasto-damage model predicted the ultimate load of the RC beams with 1 % estimated error. The proposed model showed similar ability to predict the axial strain for the reinforcement steel as the maximum strain in tensile reinforcement. The accuracy of these results were compared with other constitutive models for concrete such as elasto-plastic damage model reported in literature. The outcome of this research paper provides engineers with a simplified approach for analyzing the behavior of RC beams subjected to flexural loading using elasto-damage model.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.107.14</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>concrete model</keyword>
            <keyword>isotropic damage</keyword>
            <keyword>flexural loading</keyword>
            <keyword>finite element analysis</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.107.14/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
      <article>
        <artType>RAR</artType>
        <langPubl>RUS</langPubl>
        <pages>10715-10715</pages>
        <authors>
          <author num="001">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0003-3343-1344</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Far Eastern Federal University</orgName>
              <surname>Kozin</surname>
              <initials>Andrey</initials>
              <email>prosek@mail.ru</email>
              <address>Vladivostok, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="002">
            <authorCodes>
              <scopusid>57199850188</scopusid>
              <orcid>0000-0002-2279-1240</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Far Eastern Federal University</orgName>
              <surname>Fediuk</surname>
              <initials>Roman</initials>
              <email>roman44@yandex.ru</email>
              <address>8. Suhanova St. Vladivostok, st. Octyabrskaya. 690950. Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="003">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0002-1500-1319</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</orgName>
              <surname>Yarusova</surname>
              <initials>Sofya</initials>
              <email>yarusova@mail.ru</email>
              <address>Vladivostok, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="004">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0003-2132-2167</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</orgName>
              <surname>Gordienko</surname>
              <initials>Pavel</initials>
              <email>gordienko@mail.ru</email>
              <address>Vladivostok, Russia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="005">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>V.G. Shukhov Belgorod State Technological University</orgName>
              <surname>Lesovik</surname>
              <initials>Valeriy</initials>
              <email>naukavs@mail.ru</email>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="006">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0002-8812-4889</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Cyprus International University</orgName>
              <surname>Mosaberpanah</surname>
              <initials>Mohammad Ali</initials>
              <email>mmosaberpanah@ciu.edu.tr</email>
              <address>North Cyprus, Turkey</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="007">
            <authorCodes>
              <orcid>0000-0002-3593-6920</orcid>
            </authorCodes>
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University</orgName>
              <surname>Mugahed Amran</surname>
              <initials>Yahya Hussein</initials>
              <email>mugahed_amran@hotmail.com</email>
              <address>Alkharj, Saudi Arabia</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
          <author num="008">
            <individInfo lang="ENG">
              <orgName>SASTRA to be Demeed University</orgName>
              <surname>Murali</surname>
              <initials>Gunasekaran</initials>
              <email>murali_220984@yahoo.co.in</email>
              <address>Tamil Nadu, India</address>
            </individInfo>
          </author>
        </authors>
        <artTitles>
          <artTitle lang="ENG">Improvement of mechanical characteristics of mortar by using of wollastonite</artTitle>
        </artTitles>
        <abstracts>
          <abstract lang="ENG">Geomimetic (nature-like) principles are proposed for optimizing the strength properties of cement mortar, consisting in the integrated effect of wollastonite on the processes of structure formation of cement paste. At the same time, wollastonite (2, 4, 6 and 8 % of the weight of cement) in the composition of mortar has a double function: it serves as a filler (silica-containing component) and microfiber. It was revealed that the incorporation of wollastonite into the mortar mix makes the material easier without sacrificing strength. It has been proven that in the initial period of hardening (3 and 7 days), hydration processes are accelerated, and early strength for all formulations developed with the addition of wollastonite is higher than for the control specimen. An analysis of the structure formation of cement paste from the standpoint of geomimetics reveals the similarity of wollastonite CaSiO3 to the main minerals of the Portland cement clinker Ca2SiO4 (belite) and Ca3SiO5 (alite). This similarity leads to the creation of a chemically uniform and, accordingly, strong microstructure. Micro reinforcement of the mortar matrix with wollastonite occurs due to the elongated shape of the microfiber and its good adhesion to the mortar matrix. The results can be used by technologists in the design of mortar mixes for the construction of buildings and structures for various purposes.</abstract>
        </abstracts>
        <codes>
          <doi>10.34910/MCE.107.15</doi>
        </codes>
        <keywords>
          <kwdGroup lang="ENG">
            <keyword>binder</keyword>
            <keyword>cement</keyword>
            <keyword>wollastonite</keyword>
            <keyword>superplasticizer</keyword>
            <keyword>quartz sand</keyword>
            <keyword>mortar</keyword>
            <keyword>strength</keyword>
          </kwdGroup>
        </keywords>
        <files>
          <furl>https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2021.107.15/</furl>
          <file/>
        </files>
      </article>
    </articles>
  </issue>
</journal>
