75504 2712-8172 Magazine of Civil Engineering 2 20 2011 1-72
RAR RUS 7-16 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Bulatov Georgiy bulatov.spbgpu@gmail.com
29 Politechnicheskaya St., St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia
 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Terekhov A.
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Numerical modelling of excavator capacity Caused by the general development of technical progress the necessity of forecasting of technological processes demands estimation of communications between parameters of these processes. However the process can proceed in various modes, and search of area of the defining parameters answering to an optimum mode of course of technological process is represented rather important. These problems were to some extent covered in all list of references. Optimization of technological processes carries essential economic benefit at least because it doesn't demand any additional capital investments for realization.  So, for example, only at the expense of change of bottom width developed by excavator on some meters, it is possible to increase productivity of digging cars essentially. Considering enormous volumes of digging works (according to academician A. L. Janshin these volumes in the world make nearby 60 km3/year (volumes of volcanic activity – 16)), cumulative effect of optimization will be considerable. And it is easily reached, not including expenses for statement of a problem and the corresponding calculations. The calculation example for excavator "front shovel" is given in the article. 10.18720/MCE.20.7 choice of excavators front shovel operational productivity bottom width https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2011.20.1/ bulatov_excavatory.pdf
RAR RUS 16-23 M-6585-2013 6508103761 0000-0002-1196-8004 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Vatin Nikolai vatin@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Chechevichkin Alexey 01@6400840.ru
29 Politechnicheskaya St., St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia
 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Chechevichkin Viktor filter-w@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Shilova Yekaterina ekaterinaxiii@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 The purification of sewage from washing of concrete mixing and transport equipment The modern equipment for preparation and transportation of cement mortals needs professional service and, first of all, in its washing up from the rests of cement after operation. Increasing volumes of the waters used for these purposes, demand working out of technologies of their clearing of the weighed and dissolved substances, correction рН, recyclings of deposits, etc.  The waters formed after a sink of the concrete-mixing equipment, represent difficult diphasic system. The liquid phase of such waters is the concentrated solution of silicates, aluminates and ferrite of calcium, sodium and potassium, and also their alkalis. The firm phase consisting of not dissolved parts of clinker, is present at these waters in significant amounts and is hydrolyzed within solubility of its separate components. Insoluble parts клинкера in water adsorb various ions, their surface gets defined ξ potential which size the aggregative stability of suspension depends on.  In the given work physical and chemical characteristics of sewage form washing of concrete mixing equipment are investigated. The technological possibilities of chemical treatment of sewage by acids, hydrocarbonate of sodium and gaseous carbon dioxide for purpose of depression of the general salt content in these waters and their use in technological process as the turnaround are analysed. 10.18720/MCE.20.6 concrete flow pollution concrete mixer cleaning recooling water value https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2011.20.2/ chechevichkin_ochistka.pdf
RAR RUS 24-28 Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Zinevich Ludmila zlv-com@уа.ru Application of numerical modeling at technology designing of heating and solidification of concrete in monolithic structures Questions of application of numerical modeling are considered at calculation temperature-strength conditions of concrete monolithic constructions, including in the environment of universal settlement package ELCUT.  Processes of technological supply to heating and care of concrete belong to the main group of works for making cast-in-situ reinforced concrete structures in building conditions. They determine to a large extent their end-use properties and quality of building construction according to longevity and trustability criteria. Computer modeling possibility of these processes allows work out in high competitive and quality level complex of technological arrangements which can provide favorable conditions for concrete structures solidification according to the intensity required by building technology.  But today one can find almost complete absence of tools – simple and available in all meanings which can allow automate thermotechnical calculations and select parameters of heating, and also difficult calculations of temperature and strength state of concrete in the construction modeling. In connection with this, engineering and introduction of special computer additions (small and simple enough) including based on universal calculated complexes in project practice is the topical goal.  In the article the general situation in the technological projecting of heating and care of concrete and two examples of projects implemented by author are considered. Special attention is paid on modeling of concrete position using Method of Final Elements in universal package ELCUT. 10.18720/MCE.20.5 monolithic housing construction winter concreting heating and care of concrete temperature - strength concrete forecasting at early age the software FEA ELCUT https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2011.20.3/ zinevich_beton.pdf
RAR RUS 29-32 Pioner Ltd Krivtsov E. Immanuel Kant State University of Russia Nikulin N. Immanuel Kant State University of Russia Yasinskaya Elena veya_2002@mail.ru Research of characteristics of nanomodified dry building mixes The constraint of successful development of building business is deficiency of domestic building materials, in particular, dry building mixes, competitive in comparison with foreign analogs. Use industrial dry building mixes has changed shape of civil works all over the world thanks to intensive studying of influence of nanomodification on concrete properties.  In Western Europe manufacture and application of dry mixes in building has mass character. On one inhabitant the manufacture of dry mixes in Germany is about 30 kg a year, and in Finland and Sweden about 20 kg; in Poland this figure makes about 23 kg. In Russia volume of consumption of dry mixes is much more low – a little more than 2 kg a year. Modern manufacture of dry mixes in Russia is in a formation stage, but certain successes are already reached.  Perspective direction of the solution of an actual problem of competitive building materials release is use of nanomodification process of dry building mixes on a cement-sandy basis. In the given work the building materials received in the course of two-phasic nanomodification were investigated: at the first stage the basic components were exposed mechanical activation (crushing). At the second stage in a mix the carbon nanostructures were added (fullerenes, nanotubes, amorphous carbon). 10.18720/MCE.20.4 dry building mixes front glue nanomodification carbon nanostructure carbon nanotube https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2011.20.4/ yasinskaya_nano.pdf
RAR RUS 33-38 LSR Group Grinfeld Gleb gleb.grinfeld@aeroc.ru Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Morozov S. ksenbor@gmail.com
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Sogomonyan I.
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Zyryanov P.
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Moisture conditions of modern structures made of autoclaved aerated concrete in operation period In Saint-Petersburg and area six organizations making cellular concrete of autoclave hardening operate. At all enterprises the cellular concrete is made by the gas way of pore development by molding technology. The molding technology in practice means that the mass humidity of concrete on an exit from autoclaves will be at level of 35-45 % (great values of humidity correspond to smaller density). The similar situation is observed in other regions: more than 80 % of all autoclave cellular concrete in Russia are made by molding technology.  The high humidity caused by presence of technological and constructional moisture in an initial stage of operation quickly decreases, reaching gradually operational level. The established humidity of cellular autoclave concrete as a part of protecting walls makes 3–6 % on weight. However the raised humidity of cellular concrete in an operation initial stage causes smaller settlement values of durability of concrete in a laying. Durability of concrete, in turn, influences on bearing capacity of anchorings for ventilated facades, if they are fastened in a body of cellular concrete.  Thus, the information on dynamics of change of laying humidity in an operation initial stage allows to estimate terms of reach by designs calculated strength and thermophysical parameters. 10.18720/MCE.20.3 autoclave cellular concrete aerated concrete operational humidity drying https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2011.20.5/ grinfeld_gazobeton.pdf
RAR RUS 39-41 Stuccovent Ltd Soloshhenko Sergey sergey.soloschenko@stuccovent.ru Aerated gap influence on thermophysical characteristics of external heat insulation of building fasades with using of thin-coat plasters Recently the systems of external warming of building facades with application of thin-coat plasters become more and more popular. The primary goal for manufacturers of dry mixes is improvement of thermotechnical characteristics of a protectively-decorative layer, especially regarding its vapor permeabilty. For today the average index of vapor permeabilty for many glutinous and plaster structures makes 0,01-0,03 mg/mchpa. It often yields negative result under the calculation of humidity conditions of the sctructure, namely: substantial increase of sorption humidity of a protectively-decorative layer is observed, and partial moisture accumulation in the annual period occurs. Under current quality of building, and also under possible critical combination of the specified conditions, the probability of occurrence of defects and decrease in durability of system grows. Because of the big difference in temperatures of external and internal air during the winter period the considerable gradient of partial pressure of water vapour appears. Regular influence of specified negative factors can in time lead to partial destruction of the facade and decrease in heat-insulating properties of the external wall. From recent time all problems set forth above are offered for solving by introduction in system of a special material – the facade mat providing a continuous ventilated layer under the plaster layer. Such decision should raise reliability and power efficiency of a design as a whole at the expense of deducing in environment of moisture arriving in a structure. The article considers the influence of the ventilated layer on moisture condensation within external wall structure as an example of comparative field tests of external insulation composite systems. 10.18720/MCE.20.2 building thermophysics humidity conditions heat conductivity sorption humidity https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2011.20.6/ soloshenko_zazor.pdf
RAR RUS 42-47 Branch of RUE Institute BelNIIS – Scientific-technical Centre Derkach Valeriy v-derkatch@yandex.ru
267/2, Moskovskaya str., Brest, 224017 Belarus
 57189360151 0000-0001-6867-4050 West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin Orlovich Romuald orlowicz@yandex.ru
al. Piastów 17, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland
 About the quality and longevity of facing of laminose stone walls External wall enclosure of frame buildings is usually carried out in the form of sandwich laying, with protectively-decorative brick facing and inside layer made of aerocrete or foam concrete blocks, or slot-hole ceramic stones which fill he space between monolithic floor slabs and columns or cross-section ferro-concrete walls. The face layer of external walls is carried out of high-quality brick, and sometimes from plastered mineral wool heater.  Layered walls with face brick layer in CIS countries have received wide application since the middle of 90th years of last century in connection with toughening of standard requirements for thermal resistance. Thus, without possessing corresponding standard base and the building experience, many decisions have been borrowed abroad, and first of all from the European countries where layered walls have started to take root widely for 20-30 years earlier. Operation of layered walls, especially in many-storeyed frame-monolithic housing construction, already in the first 3-5 years has revealed a number of serious lacks which in many cases led to an emergency condition of walling.  In the paper the most typical faults of cladding of frame buildings, defects of masonry works at protectively-decorative brick face veneer erected in technology of sandwich laying, are given. The analysis of the reasons of faults origin is made, offers on raise of reliability of facing layer are given. 10.18720/MCE.20.1 frame buildings walling enclosure of buildings sandwich laying longevity https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2011.20.7/ derkach_oblicovka.pdf
RAR RUS 48-51 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Lapteva Natalya tatasha88@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Morozova T.
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Risk management in implementation of investment building project on the example of business center construction The basic stages of management are definition of risks, estimation of risks, control of risks and financing of risks. For definition of risks and their estimation in the majority of works expert methods and a method of statistical modeling are used. However, as it is noted in [1], uniqueness of objects and conditions of their building at use of classical methods of statistical modeling don't give possibility of reception of representative experimental data, and often enough statistical conclusions become on the basis of small samples that influences on reliability of results. For practical purposes expert methods are widely used.  In the article the method of expert risk evaluation is analysed. On the example of expert evaluation of technical risks in construction of business center the selection of experts, detection of the most probable risks are considered. 10.18720/MCE.20.9 self-adjustable organization investment project risk peer review risk index competence of the expert coefficient of variation https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2011.20.8/ lapteva_riski.pdf
RAR RUS 52-54 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Abdullayev Gasym
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Organizational and technological factors influence on the efficiency of building management Influence of organizational and technological factors on management efficiency can be considered on the elements of system of the organization and technology of building. Organizational and technological factors substantially cause level of organizational-technological reliability of building manufacture, and their level, in turn, depends on work quality of a control system.  Regulation and management of building on the basis of organizational-technological decisions includes change of technological schemes of execution phase and erection of constructions, redistribution of labor and technical resources, change of sequence of development of particular work fronts, change of methods of work organization. It leads to changes of values of organizational-technological parameters and, hence, change of the sizes of financial expenses. Development of the operating decision should provide minimization of deviation from the size of planned financial expenses and with it to provide the efficiency of operating system. The primary goal of the operating decision is preservation of the basic planned targets at the minimum increase in financial expenses.  In the article the calculation of functioning efficiency of the management system against a background of organizational and technological parameters of construction is given. This calculation makes it possible to select the most rational parameters of organization and technology of construction. 10.18720/MCE.20.8 organizational factor technological factor operating decisions management efficiency economic benefit https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2011.20.9/ abdullaev_effectivnost.pdf
RAR RUS 55-62 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Markelova Elena earth-sale@ya.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Technology of active dash usage while building and exploring marine pipelines In construction and operation of underwater pipelines and petrochisel stations in sea and river water areas there are the failures connected with anthropogenous pollution, in the form of floods of fat-and-oil non-asphalt fractions of natural oily liquids.  One of effective and ecological safe methods of liquidation of thin films of polluting substance is use of strains of biodestructive microorganisms. The community of these microorganisms forms an active impurity. The research is dedicated to solving turbulent diffusion equations of active dash’s particles movement.  The research data helps to predict boidestruction time period changing in dependence on economic usage of active dash, water depth and other factors of turbulence.  Speed of sedimentation of an active impurity depends on density, the form and the sizes of particles, quantity of the oil absorbed by them, and also from temperature and salinity of water. All these factors we will estimate integrally using concept of hydraulic fineness – speeds of uniform sedimentation of a separate particle under the influence of gravity in great volume of based water. This size is established experimentally. 10.18720/MCE.20.11 turbulent diffusion varying buoyancy active dash particle’s movement https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2011.20.10/ markelova_primesi.pdf
RAR RUS 63-71 Nonprofit partnership “AVOK – Severo-Zapad” Sotnikov Anatoliy asotnikov2005@yandex.ru St. Petersburg State University of Refrigeration and Food Engineering Rusakov A. Mathematical modelling of hydraulic conditions of balancing and control of heating, cooling and dehumidification subsystem in ventilation and air conditioning systems The article is the second part of the one published in the Vol. 1, 2011. The aim of this research is processes modelling and investigation of quantity parameters influence on heating and cooling subsystem of VAC systems when balancing that subsystem by various balanced valves and when controlling it by three-way valve.  The basic characteristic received and analyzed in model, is balancing-adjusting characteristic (schedule) of mixture in knot depending on a combination of many factors: binding, crosspieces, an arrangement of corresponding valves, pressures and other parameters.  For reception of the balancing-adjusting characteristic of subsystem in different operating modes its mathematical model was created, methods of processing and generalization of the data were offered. After that calculations in different modes of use of the crosspieces were done, allowed to define all regime parameters at the set positions of balancing and regulating valves, parity of pressures in a network and a pump, design of armature and entry conditions. 10.18720/MCE.20.10 pressure expense characteristic balancing management valve plunger mode model schedule dependence lock-out shunting nonlinearity https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2011.20.11/ sotnikov_balansirovka2.pdf
COR RUS 72-72 Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering Karpov Vladimir vvkarpov@lan.spbgasu.ru Concerning the borrowing of material from the publications of V. V. Karpov by V. M. Zhgoutov No abstract 10.18720/MCE.20.12 shells ribbed shells describing the material’s creeping https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2011.20.12/ karpov_oproverzheniye.pdf