75504 2712-8172 Magazine of Civil Engineering 3 47 2014 1-89
RAR RUS 9-16 Irkutsk State Technical University Burdonov Aleksandr slimbul@rambler.ru Kinetic features of foaming thermosetting polymers in the preparation of thermal insulation materials in the presence of a mineral filler This article presents the research of dependencies with a filler in the form of fly ash, the mixture temperature and other factors influencing the kinetic characteristics of composite foaming based on the mixture of thermosetting resin (phenol-formaldehyde resins of different brands), fly ash and special modifiers. The article shows the duration and multiplicity of foaming, as well as the induction period of the composition depending on the amount of the filler used and other process parameters. It was found out that to obtain a homogeneous composite, the minimum thickness of the upper layer in the wooden form (S = 1m2 ) should be not less than 4 mm. The reaction with fly ash Thermal Power Station-9 (Open jointstock company “Irkutskenergo”, Angarsk) starts by 27% earlier than the use of fly ash in Ust-Ilimsk Hydroelectric Power Station. Using the obtained data, we developed mathematical models, expressed by regression equations. 10.5862/MCE.47.1 insulation foaming kinetics fly ash phenol formaldehyde resin filler composite materials https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2014.47.1/ 01.pdf
RAR RUS 17-24 Irkutsk State Technical University Barakhtenko Vyacheslav antivsyo@yandex.ru Estimating consumer product characteristics of highly filled polymer-mineral composite material based on polyvinyl chloride and waste TPP The article describes the performance properties of highly filled polymer-fly ash mineral composite based on polyvinyl chloride which affect the durability of construction outdoor products. The article presents the results of studies to determine the coefficients of thermal expansion of polymer-based composite mineral, filled with PVC TPP fly ash, to accelerate climatic tests, sample stability to UV radiation. The purpose of this is to predict the service life of products made from this material. We came to conclusions that the layered structure, technological parameters of production and the amount of filler affect the coefficients of thermal contraction - expansion of the material, i.e. material shrinkage along the length and width and increase in thickness at the temperature changes from 40 to 80 °. It was found that the use of heat energy waste, namely, fly ash CHP as a filler in PVC compositions, not only enhances the mechanical properties of the material, but also improves the set of properties which affect the service life of polymer- mineral composite products. 10.5862/MCE.47.2 polymer composite materials filler durability fly ash thermal expansion coefficient climatic tests polyvinyl chloride https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2014.47.2/ 02.pdf
RAR RUS 25-39 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Nekliudova Ekaterina nekludik@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Dresden University of Technology Semenov Artem Semenov.Artem@googlemail.com 6701751705 0000-0002-7889-1996 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Boris Melnikov kafedra@ksm.spbstu.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Semenov Sergey ssgrus@gmail.com
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Experimental research and finite element analysis of elastic and strength properties of fiberglass composite material This work is devoted to the research of the strength and elastic properties of the laminated fiberglass composite. Experiments were performed on tension and compression of specimens with different orientation of the reinforcement in relation to the loading direction. The predictions of three different failure criteria (Hill criterion, Tsai-Wu criterion, Zakharov criterion) were compared to experimental results. The strength and elastic properties of the composite separate components have been also researched with the aim to perfom finite element simulation of composite failure process. The elastic moduli of the composite are determined by means of the method of the finite element homogenization. 10.5862/MCE.47.3 laminated composite fiberglass material experiment elastic properties strength orientation of the reinforcement failure criteria orthotropic material finite-element method https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2014.47.3/ 03.pdf
RAR RUS 40-47 Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering Gizdatullin Anton antonchiks@mail.ru
Kazan, Russia
 Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering Khozin Vadim borigor83@list.ru
Kazan, Russia
 Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering Kuklin Anton labmost@kgasu.ru Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering Khusnutdinov Amil khozin@ksaba.ru Specifics of testing and fracture behavior of fibre-reinforced polymer bars The article contains the results of tensile testing of different types of FRP samples, the character of their destruction, dependence of the strength and elasticity module on the bars diameter. The results are compared with the calculated values of tensile strength of steel reinforcement. Based on these results we arrived at conclusions about the comparability of the design values tensile strength of FRP with high-strength steel grades A -V and A -VI at much greater elasticity module at last. As a result, the use of FRP reinforcement carrier bent constructions can be possible only in the preliminary reducing deformation reinforcement (its prestressing), or its significant overruns. It was concluded, that further improvement of manufacturing FRP technology should be directed to increase, primarily from the module of reinforcement elasticity, rather than its tensile strength. 10.5862/MCE.47.4 fibre-reinforced polymer bars glass fibers basalt fibers epoxy resin tensile strength elasticity module https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2014.47.4/ 04.pdf
RAR RUS 48-55 Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture Paruta Valentin docent2155@gmail.com Fracture mechanics of system "aerated concrete masonry – plaster covering" Properties of plaster mortar must be appointed taking into account fracture mechanics of system "aerated concrete masonry – plaster covering", understanding the processes at his hardening and exploitation. Consideration of internal stress in plaster covering and area of its contact with masonry, processes of origin, accumulation and development of cracks at the cyclic and power loadings, is a condition precedent in the construction of theory of fracture mechanics of such system. In the article processes occurring at hardening of plaster mortar, fracture mechanics of system "aerated concrete masonry – plaster covering" are considered. Based on the information about the processes occurring during application and hardening of the plaster covering and fracture mechanics data, compositions of plaster for aerated concrete masonry were projected. The solutions obtained have the required physico-mechanical properties and fracture toughness. Application of these solutions ensures a high durability of the plaster covering and the wall structure. 10.5862/MCE.47.5 fracture mechanics aerated concrete plaster covering https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2014.47.5/ 05.pdf
RAR RUS 56-62 Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building Abzaev Yuriy abzaev2010@gmail.com Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building Sarkisov Yuri sarkisov@tsuab.ru
Tomsk, Russia
 D. Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology of Russia Kuznetsova Tamara tkouzn@mail.ru Moscow State University of Civil Engineering Samchenko Svetlana svet6783005@yandex.ru Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building Klopotov Anatoliy klopotovaa@sibmail.com Tomsk Polytechnic University Klopotov Vladimir vklopotov@mail2000.ru Research Organization Sibur-Tomskneftechim Afanasyev Dmitriy a.dmitri.86@gmail.com Analysis of structural-phase state of monoaluminate calcium Calcium aluminates have a decisive influence on the hydraulic activity of cement, in this regard, detailed study of them is an urgent task. The aim of this study is to determine the phase composition and detailed analysis of the structural-phase state of monoaluminate calcium by X-ray analysis. To research monoaluminate calcium powder diffractometer DRON4-07 was used, it has been modified to a digital signal processing. Shooting was performed on the copper radiation (Kα) scheme Bragg – Brentano 0,020 increments and the exposure time at 1 sec, the angular range 6–82 °. The paper shows that the main phase in the mineral calcium is monoaluminate compound Al2O3. Also the following structural-phase states are identified: a structural motif AlCaO and connections Al2O3, Fe3O4, CaO. AlCaO structural motif is found in the form of two modifications (cubic and orthorhombic) with a high proportion of their total intensities (18.3 and 29.6 %, respectively). Also in the testing mineral the contribution in integrated intensity was found. The range of contribution was from crystalline and amorphous structures, in addition background radiation was also found. Reservation of short-range order in the arrangement of atoms is a specific feature of amorphous structures. 10.5862/MCE.47.6 the crystal structure lattice parameters the amorphous phase the simulation of the amorphous phase https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2014.47.6/ 06.pdf
RAR RUS 63-70 University of Dundee Herrmann Patrick pat.herrmann@gmx.net Investigation of fresh and hardened properties of Calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement blends Calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) is a comparatively new cementitious material that is mainly established in China where it is produced in a large scale. CSA cement is not covered by European standards. However, it provides different beneficial properties such as rapid hardening and high early strength development. Furthermore, the usage of CSA cement can save energy during production process in comparison to established cementitious materials. Therefore it is also more environmental friendly. Insufficient knowledge of this material behaviour restricts the possibilities and makes further research necessary. The research project applied a laboratory test program to elaborate the characterization of the materials. The obtained knowledge from these tests was then applied to further tests to determine application relevant key properties of CSA based pastes and mortars.The properties of pure CSA cement had been compared with the properties of CSA blends. The additions were PC, HAC, FA and GGBS with quantities of 10, 20 and 30%. The water to cement ratio was varying between 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6. General tests like fineness, XRD and XRF were used to define the present non-standardized material. Investigation of fresh pastes included measurement of setting time and calorimetry. Hardened mortar specimens of different ages were examined for compressive strength. The results showed that CSA itself hardens very rapidly and gives an early strength development. Possible ways of utilization of CSA based mortars and concretes were also emphasized in the paper. 10.5862/MCE.47.7 CSA calcium sulfoaluminate cement investigation properties https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2014.47.7/ 07.pdf
RAR RUS 71-76 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Pertseva Olga olya_perceva@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Nikolskiy Sergey big_panda16@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Optional reference method to determine frost resistance of concrete The main purpose of this research is to create the new reference method to determine the freeze-thaw resistance of concrete that is characterized by small labor inputs, high efficiency and a wide scope application. The offered method is based on the measurement of long strength by a nondestructive method. During this research, the theoretical analysis of concrete specimen dependence on freeze-thaw resistance and energy, which is emitted by a specimen during destruction, has been carried out. Freezethaw resistance of a specimen is calculated as the mathematical relation of these energies, and the freeze-thaw resistance of concrete is calculated as an arithmetic mean across specimens. Correctness of the offered method is proved by experiments. The offered method doesn't demand long tests. It is highly efficient and has a wide scope, but special further laboratory test duration is needed. 10.5862/MCE.47.8 frost resistance concrete long-term strength dilatometric method non-destructive loading acoustic issue relative tension set durability of concrete https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2014.47.8/ 08.pdf
RAR RUS 77-89 Specproektrestavratsiya Serova Tatyana rareavist@mail.ru All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection Titova Juliya juli1958@yandex.ru All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection Shenin Juriy SheninJD@vizr.spb.ru Chemical method of assessing the degree of biodegradation of wooden structural elements Wood is an environmentally friendly and lightweight building material that is sensible to the destrustion of various biological agents at non-observance of proper temperature and humidity regime. Wood-destroying white-rot and brown-rot fungi and micromycetes (mold) have a leading position among biodestructors. This organisms use wood as the trophic base changing it’s chemical composition and correspondingly it’s mechanical properties. We investigated changes in the content of the main biopolymers of wood (cellulose and lignin) and changes in ash content and moisture of the material under the influence of mold and wood fungi. We analyzed samples of wooden constructions with different biodestruction degree. We used chemical methods of extraction of cellulose and lignin from intact and diseased by fungi wood, method of calculation of material’s moisture and ash content. It was found that, with the development of deep destructions cellulose content is reduced by 20%, lignin content is reduced by 40%. Moisture and ash content of wood can also be used as markers of a certain degree of biodegradation. 10.5862/MCE.47.9 wood chemical composition of wood cellulose lignin wood destructive fungi https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2014.47.9/ 09.pdf