75504 2712-8172 Magazine of Civil Engineering 6 74 2017 1-184
RAR RUS 3-16 Siberian State Automobile and Highway University Sirotyuk Victor sirvv@yandex.ru Siberian State Automobile and Highway University Lunev Aleksandr lunev.al.al@gmail.com Strength and deformation characteristics of ash and slag mixture Burning of coal and brown coals at thermal power plants (TPP) is the main method of generating electric and heat energy in the Russian Federation. Inasmuch as a result of coal combustion a considerable amount of waste is produced (up to 50% of the whole mass of base coal) the quantity of the gained ash slag in a landfill is measured with hundreds of millions of tons. Insufficient level of knowledge about strength and deformation properties of these artificially-produced soils for building motor roads’ roadbeds and embankments substantially limits the scope of using the ASM in the Russian Federation. In this connection, the purpose of the research is to study a complex of the ASM’s engineering properties for evaluating its use as a soil material for building embankments of motor roads’ roadbeds and leveling operations. In the frames of the research, there have been tested the ASM samples, obtained from burning Ekibastuz coal in boilers with dry ash removal. Samples were made with different density and humidity. For each density value, there were determined the modulus of deformation and the elastic modulus. The authors have determined the values of the angle of internal friction and specific cohesion of the ASM depending on the moisture and normal pressure. Consolidated and drained tests in triaxial compression devices have allowed to determine the values of the secant elastic modulusand the Poisson's ratio of the ASM’s with different density. As a result, it was found that an increase in the ASM’s density significantly increases the elastic and deformation modulus, the angle of internal friction, and the cohesion of this artificially-produced soil. However, after a certain degree of compaction, the cohesion value begins to decrease. Increasing the moisture content of the ASM samples decreases the modulus of elasticity and general deformation, but it has an ambiguous effect on the angle of internal friction and cohesion. 10.18720/MCE.74.1 ashes construction civil engineering engineering properties shear strength embankments leveling operation https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.74.1/ 01.pdf
RAR RUS 17-32 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Ogorodov Leonid l.ogorodov@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Lustina Olga luola94@mail.ru Mechanical characteristics of polyethylene An experimental data about the effect of long-term natural aging without load and aging of samples under tensile stress on the mechanical characteristics of low density polyethylene (LDPE) under uniaxial tension are presented. A comparison between the mechanical characteristics of unstabilized and stabilized by a 2 % soot content of polyethylene is made. The influence of long-term impact of ash on the strength of polyethylene is estimated. The dependences for calculating the resource of the impervious elements of structures are given. It is shown that low density polyethylene composites have higher mechanical characteristics than the main component. It is substantiated that polyvinylchloride, manufactured using thirty percent of technological and forty percent of operational PVC waste, has high and stable mechanical characteristics. The influence of long-term aging and the effect of environments have been estimated. It is determined that the glass-filled polyamide and polyamide containing from twenty five to seventy percent of the technological waste has sufficient structural strength. 10.18720/MCE.74.2 material resistance mechanical chracteristics natural ageing long-term ageing polyethilene https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.74.2/ 02.pdf
RAR RUS 33-42 Petersburg State Transport University Gavrilov Timmo gtimmo@mail.ru Petrozavodsk State University Kolesnikov Gennady kolesnikovgn@yandex.ru Oriented particle boards: effect of the tangential load component Object of research: oriented particle boards (OSB) plate under the action of vertical load. As a research tool used standard FE-model of the OSB-plate is used. The functioning of the OSB-plate as an element of the pitched roof structure with a soft tile is considered. In this case, the load on the surface from the snow and the weight of the soft roof has a tangential component distributed over the outer surface of the plate. However the influence of the tangential load on the plate has not been fully studied in well-known literature. The tangential component of the load can cause unevenness in the end joins of the OSB in pitched roofs. The purpose of this study is to identify the causes of unevenness (irregularity) in joints of OSB in structures of inclined roofs and vertical walls, also justify recommendations for addressing these causes. It is obvious that the cost of resources for the implementation of this intention will be justified if the OSB-plates have the prospect of effective use in the construction, including environmental management. For this reason, a brief overview of the OSB evolution is one of the tasks of the presented work. Other actual tasks: modeling the influence of the tangential component of load evenly distributed on one and two surfaces of the OSB-plate, the longitudinal side faces of which were clamped. In each of these two cases of loading, the OSB board can be inclined or vertical. It is shown that the tangential load causes an increase in deflections in the region of one of the end faces of the plate and a decrease in deflections opposite to the edge. This can lead to unevenness at the joints of OSB-plates. In order to exclude the revealed cause of the appearance of unevenness in constructions with OSB, it is suggested that the flexural rigidity of the plates in the area of their ends by stiffeners or carbon fiber strips should be increased. 10.18720/MCE.74.3 OSB-plates inclined plate tangential load plate deformation FE-model as a research tool construction civil engineering https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.74.3/ 03.pdf
RAR RUS 43-52 National Research Moscow State Civil Engineering University Politko Valentin politko@mail.ru 6602848417 0000-0002-0587-4722 National Research Moscow State Civil Engineering University Kantardgi Izmail kantardgi@yandex.ru Level ice interactions with multi-legged offshore structures 10.18720/MCE.74.4 multi-legged offshore structures ice actions numerical model ANSYS legs shielding effects https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.74.4/ 04.pdf
RAR RUS 53-60 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Yakovlev Stanislav stannik59@mail.ru
St. Petersburg, Russia
 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Mazurin V.L.
St. Petersburg, Russia
 Vibroisolating properties of polyurethane elastomeric materials, used in construction The given study is reasoning the relevancy of replacing the conventional elastomer, that is, rubber, with more advanced polyurethane. The paper presents scientific reasoning for the demand to experimentally study the physical and mechanical properties of polyurethane in cases when it is used as plates for vibroisolation of buildings or industrial equipment and is subjected to considerable load. Due to the regulated rate of motor rotation of the testing unit, it is possible to study the course of vibroisolation in a polyurethane bulk, in relation to the forced frequency, vibration amplitude and static deformation. Based on the considerable amount of test measurements of the vibration amplitude with the piezoelectric accelerometers in various stress modes, an empirical statement has been acquired to determine the natural frequency of the polyurethane-unit system for the polyurethane elastomers of varying hardness depending on the degree of relative compression. The present work offers certain recommendations for determining the ultimate static deformation for the polyurethane plates of varying hardness. 10.18720/MCE.74.5 polyurethane vibroisolation of buildings testing unit natural frequency vibroisolation coefficient https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.74.5/ 05.pdf
RAR RUS 61-69 Military Institute of rail transport troops and military communications Kalugin Yuri yuri_kalugin@inbox.ru Reasons of delays in construction projects Usually, the actual duration of construction projects significantly exceeds the scheduled duration. Reasons for this phenomenon are presented. Firstly, numerous stochastic factors impact on the works. The second reason is insufficiently reliability of traditional scheduling methods. Finally, the third reason is quasi-activities that were not included in the schedule. This paper discloses the essence quasiactivities, their impact on the completion times. The approach is identified additional dummy arcs, causing implicit activities. The general applicability of the method is demonstrated. A comparison was drawn between the proposed method and traditional techniques. The mean duration of the simple chain of activities is underestimated by 15-20%.It is confirmed that the traditional method of calculating the time to complete a project is almost always shorter. Implementation of this method will allow for the determination of a more precise duration for the performance of complex works at the planning stage. The suggested methodology can be recommended for use by construction project managers. 10.18720/MCE.74.6 civil engineering construction management project scheduling critical path method https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.74.6/ 06.pdf
RAR RUS 70-77 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Braila Natalya nashi-n-v@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Khazieva Lina lina_hazieva@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Staritcyna Anastasiia a.staritsyna@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Results of technical inspection monitoring of the operation object The article proposes analysis tool of the engineering survey series results. Analysis is based on a study of the physical depreciation accumulation by capital construction objects and deterioration models presented in it for various classes of structural schemes. The main provisions and user activity sequence with a brief explanation of the possible obtained results were clarified through steps. The proposed tool will allow timely detection of factors that cause the accelerated dynamics of deterioration (exceeding the normative one), reduce the risk of an accident, increase the expenses of element/object servicing, and also accurately predict the future costs of repair and construction activities. One of the advantages of this tool is a low capital intensity in the prosses of implementing and further using of tool by the real estate company. However, in the long term, the effect of the application will be expressed in the timely detection of errors in the conduct of buildings and structures surveys. Its result will be minimizing the deviation of the estimated (planned) costs of repair and construction work from the actual. 10.18720/MCE.74.7 physical deterioration technical inspection results monitoring service conditions actual age (taking into account service conditions) chronological age https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.74.7/ 07.pdf
RAR RUS 78-101 Dresden University of Technology Semenov Artem Semenov.Artem@googlemail.com Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Semenov Sergey ssgrus@gmail.com
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 6701751705 0000-0002-7889-1996 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Boris Melnikov kafedra@ksm.spbstu.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Weatherford Tikhonov Vadim Vadim.Tikhonov@eu.weatherford.com Modeling of indentation and slip of wedge punch To determine the load-carrying capacity of the drillpipe slip, it is necessary to calculate the drag force on the surface between the pipe and the slip. To improve such capacity, the grip surface is provided with teeth that can indent into the pipe body. As a result, the friction force on the contact surface is supplemented with the drag force generated by plastic shear strain of the pipe body. The paper presents an analytic dependence of the indentation force of an ideal (untruncated) and non-ideal (truncated) wedge punch that models tooth operation on the indentation depth and friction factor on the punch lateral face both for shallow (with prevailing elastic strain of the gripped body) and deep indentation (with prevailing plastic strain). Multiple computational experiments were performed to identify parameters of the proposed formula. Such computations were complemented with determination of the punch drag force dependence on the indentation depth during punch shearing. The developed model was verified by experimental studies of punch indentation and slip as well as indentation and drag force measurements. The obtained results proved the high level of accuracy of the analytical indentation force model. The outcome of drag force determination experiments was further used to calculate the slip loadcarrying capacity. 10.18720/MCE.74.8 modeling experiment elasticity plasticity slip drillpipe indentation punch contact finite element method https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.74.8/ 08.pdf
RAR RUS 102-117 JSC "INSOLAR-INVEST" Vasilyev Gregory gpvassiliev@mail.ru JSC "INSOLAR-INVEST" Gornov Victor insolar-invest@yandex.ru JSC "INSOLAR-INVEST" Peskov Nikolay peskovnick@gmail.com JSC "INSOLAR-INVEST" Popov Mikhail m.popov78@gmail.com JSC "INSOLAR-INVEST" Kolesova Marina eco-insolar@mail.ru JSC "INSOLAR-INVEST" Yurchenko Victoria vikayurch@gmail.com Ground moisture phase transitions: Аccounting in BHE’S design The results of numerical and experimental studies devoted to the evaluation of the effect of phase transitions of pore moisture in the soil mass surrounding the borehole heat exchangers (BHE) on the thermal conductivity of the adjacent soil and on the temperature of the coolant circulating through the heat exchanger are presented. A mathematical model is presented that allows one to describe the spatial non-stationary thermal regime of a soil massif with BHEs, taking into account the processes associated with phase transitions of moisture in the pore space of the soil. This mathematical model is based on the method of accounting the latent heat of phase transitions of pore moisture in the ground by the use of such a parameter as the "equivalent" thermal conductivity. The essence of the method is to take into account the heat of phase transitions of pore moisture in the ground by introducing a new "equivalent" thermal conductivity of the soil, consisting of the direct thermal conductivity of the soil and an additive that is responsible for the freezing / thawing of pore moisture. The methods, equipment and results of experimental studies on the «equivalent» thermal conductivity of soil accounting the phase transition of pore moisture during freezing and thawing performed in laboratory on the test bench simulating borehole heat exchangers working conditions are described. The results of the simulation illustrate the need to take into account the phase transitions of the ground moisture in the ground during the design of BHEs. The effect caused by pore moisture condensation during the operation of BHEs and the associated intensification of the processes of heat exchange was experimentally observed. 10.18720/MCE.74.9 ground source heat pump phase transition ground moisture borehole heat exchanger thermal conductivity energy efficiency thermal conditions https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.74.9/ 09.pdf
RAR RUS 118-139 Far Eastern Federal University Tsuprik Vladimir tsuprik.vg@dvfu.ru The forming cyclic loads on the offshore structures during ice field edge fracture The non-stationary process of ice breaking at the contact of the edge of a drifting ice field (IF) and the sea ice-resistant platform (IRP) can lead to dangerous vibrations and potentially dangerous dynamic loads on this offshore structure. Extreme resonant oscillations of the platform base can cause not only violations of the regular functioning of the object, but also significantly reduce the reliability of the structure and its durability, causing fatigue fracture in the structure of the IRP or its equipment, also such process can change the bearing capacity of the soil under the platform foundation. Dynamic ice destruction is a complex process, and the development of models of this phenomenon requires a well defined methodology and research procedure. The dynamic reaction of the structure on impact of the ice field depends on a combination of many factors: the size and flexibility of the impacted leg of the platform; the ice loading velocity, temperature and physical-mechanical parameters of ice, and others. The object of this research is the physical processes involved in the real system "IF-IRP” - the energy transfer from the moving ice fields to the control volume of ice in the contact area, accumulates the elastic energy received to its critical level in this volume and causes its destruction with a certain frequency. The most important property of the object of study, i.e. the subject of the research, is the mechanism of ice fracture in the zone of interaction of two basic elements of the system: the ice field and IRP. The aim of the study is to identify and describe the regularities of formation of cyclic ice loads on the structureand describe the process, taking into account the phenomenological features of sea ice fracture as a mechanism for converting the kinetic energy of the ice field into the elastic energy spent on to deviations leg of the platform and the energy spent on destructing the ice. 10.18720/MCE.74.10 offshore structures sea ice cyclic load vibration destruction of ice https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.74.10/ 10.pdf
RAR RUS 140-146 7801686579 0000-0001-7011-8213 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Barabanschikov Yuri ugb@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Belyaeva Svetlana sbelaeva@gmail.com
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Arkhipov Ivan ivan-arhipov-95@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Antonova Maria m-antonova@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Shkol'nikova Anna annashkolnikova@inbox.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Lebedeva Kseniya ksenialebedeva8@gmail.com
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Influence of superplasticizers on the concrete mix properties The most important technological properties of concrete mix are its workability, waterproof capacity, immutability of the properties and air-entrainment. The task of increasing the efficiency and quality of concrete and reinforced concrete is still very relevant and it cannot be successfully solved without the use of special chemical additives. The purpose of the research is to obtain workable concrete mix using special additives. The plasticizers based on polycarboxylate esters: Power Flow PF-2695, Power Flow PF-1130 and Power Flow PF-2237 have been determined as the most effective. It was found that some additives after the addition cause the creation of defects. 10.18720/MCE.74.11 buildings construction civil engineering water reducing admixtures polycarboxylate superplasticizers additives cement-water paste https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.74.11/ 11.pdf
RAR RUS 147-160 Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering Karpov Vladimir vvkarpov@lan.spbgasu.ru Peoples Friendship University of Russia Ignat'ev Oleg ignatiev.oleg.v@yandex.ru St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering Semenov, Alexey sw.semenov@gmail.com The stress-strain state of ribbed shell structures The paper presents an analysis of the stress-strain state of shallow shell structures of double curvature, reinforced from the concave side by a various number of stiffeners. Mindlin–Reissner shell deformation theory is used, which accounts for geometrical nonlinearity and transverse shears, as well as for discrete introduction of stiffeners with contact between the stiffener and the shell along the strip. The mathematical model is written in the form of a functional of full potential deformation energy. The algorithm of the analysis is based on the application of the Ritz method to the functional, which is used for reducing the problem to a system of nonlinear algebraic equations. The resulting system is solved by the parameter continuation method. Structural variations that are considered in the paper are fastened with fixed-pin joints along the contour and are subject to external uniformly distributed transverse loading. The values of stresses, forces, and moments in the stiffeners and in the shell skin are obtained and analyzed. Specific features of their distribution are revealed. All values are given in dimensionless parameters. It is shown that accounting for the contact of the stiffener with the shell skin along the strip allows one to investigate the stress-strain state in the stiffeners, which are not possible using delta functions with the introduction of stiffeners along the line. 10.18720/MCE.74.12 shells stiffened shells stiffening ribs stresses deformation https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.74.12/ 12.pdf
RAR RUS 161-174 56296687300 0000-0002-2299-3096 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Rybakov Vladimir fishermanoff@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Ananeva Irina irina.ananeva94@yandex.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 "LenzhilNIIproekt", Co., Ltd Rodicheva Anna vse_zdes@mail.ru Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Ogidan Olamipe Timothy ogidano@gmail.com
Polytechnicheskay, 29
 Stress-strain state of composite reinforced concrete slab elements under fire activity Оne of the most topical issues (in construction) has become providing fire protection facilities for reinforced concrete. The Eurocode-4 and other recommendations have been applied for more than 10 years in European countries. In Russia we have only one method of analysis - STO 36554501-006-2006. This work is devoted to comparise all these algorithms. 3 methods of analysis of composite reinforced concrete slab elements under fire activity are described. 3 analytical models of structures with different calculation perameters are consedered for determination of corresponding dependences and creating the algorithm of calculation. Partial coefficients were identified for analysis of composite reinforced concrete slab elements according European Standarts for application in Russian Federation. 10.18720/MCE.74.13 reinforced concrete structures composite reinforced concrete structures profiled sheet rebar floor fire resistance limit of fire resistance temperature ultimate moment https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.74.13/ 13.pdf
RAR RUS 175-184 57200287767 Siberian Federal University Koyankin Alexandr KoyankinAA@mail.ru 12795222600 Novosibirsk state University of architecture and construction Mitasov Valery mitassovv@mail.ru Stress-strain state of precast and cast-in place buildings Based on the stages of the construction period of the life cycle of the building, the authors examined the influence of gradual inclusion in the work, including the editing process, its individual building elements on the stress-strain state of a building and its individual design. Determined the nuances of the existence of the building (a separate structure), which should be taken into account at the design stage. These nuances are present in the real structure, but cannot be determined for calculations in the classical way (without changing the stress-strain state in process of erection and loading). Conducted numerical studies of the stress-strain state of a flat frame made from collapsiblemonolithic reinforced concrete with account of the phased construction. Also fulfilled a comparative analysis of the obtained results with data of calculation of the same frame, but not taking into account phasing of construction of the structure. 10.18720/MCE.74.14 life cycle reinforced concrete structures precast with cast-in place construction genetic nonlinearity phasing approach of assembling phasing of the force application https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2017.74.14/ 14.pdf