75504
2712-8172
Magazine of Civil Engineering
1
77
2018
1-148
RAR
RUS
3-12
JSC “B.E. Vedeneev VNIIG”
Stanislav
Solsky
solsky@yandex.ru
JSC “B.E. Vedeneev VNIIG”
Orlova
Natalia
ornata.76@mail.ru
JSC “B.E. Vedeneev VNIIG”
Velichko
Aleksej
aleksej.velichko.26@mail.ru
Crack self-healing in clay-сement concrete diaphragm of embankment dam
The article presents the results of the analysis of seepage flow character in an embankment dams with impervious diaphragm made of clay-cement concrete, using the Gotsatlinskaya HPP as an example. The process of slits colmatage was considered in the clay-cement-concrete diaphragm (CCCD), that be caused in the zone of tensile forces or by seismic actions. Mathematical models build in two-dimensional and three-dimensional formulation to study the characteristics of flow in subvertical and subhorizontal cracks. By numerical simulation was received qualitative assessment of the dynamics of gradients of pressure for a non-defective impervious element, for an open crack in impervious element, for a washed-out crack in impervious element. The methods developed for designexperimental substantiation of the parameters of the transition zone (from riding and with the lower side of impervious element), parameters of transition zones for design that provide the process of cracks selfhealing in the clay cement-concrete diaphragm. The granulometric composition shall, the capacity and number of layers of the reverse filter provided for the seepage strength of the system: upstream toe – upstream transitional layer – self-healing layer – CCCD – downstream transitional layer – downstream toe, selected according to the method.
10.18720/MCE.77.1
embbankment dam
cement-clay concrete diaphragm
numerical simulation of filtration
self-healing crack
filtration strength
colmatage
healing layer
transient zones
suffosive strength
https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2018.77.1/
01.pdf
RAR
RUS
13-22
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering National Research University
Giyasov
Botir
dandyr@mail.ru
Tambov State Technical University
Ledenyov
Vladimir
gsiad@mail.tambov.ru
Tambov State Technical University
Matveeva
Irina
gsiad1@mail.tambov.ru
Method for noise calculation under specular and diffuse reflection of sound
Selection and designing of noise protection aids in industrial buildings require numerous calculations of energy characteristics typical for noise fields of their facilities. The efficiency of designed soundproof measures is relying on their accuracy. The degree of accuracy is defined by recording completeness in the method of measurement of factors, which affect the processes of noise fields in buildings. One of these factors is the type of sound refection from barriers. The analysis of reflected sound energy distribution revealed that sound reflection in industrial buildings follows mirror-scattered pattern. It forms two reflected fields, mirror-like and diffusely scattered, where reflected sound energy originates and propagates on different principles. The paper offers a combined method for calculation of energy characteristics of such fields; specular reflected energy is calculated by ray tracing, and diffusely scattered one is calculated by a numerical energy method. The paper describes the basic principles for making the combined design model and offers scattering factors of reflexible sound energy that are necessary for the implementation of design model and were obtained from experiments and calculations. The accuracy of the combined method was assessed by a comparative analysis, and experimental and calculation data in production facilities of various proportions. Disagreement between calculations and experiments did not exceed 2 dB. The method fits for solving problems of construction acoustic aids of noise reduction in industrial buildings. Unlike the existing methods, in the proposed method the real process of gradual transition from emerging mirror-reflected energy to diffusely dispersed energy is modeled. At the same time, the method takes into consideration certain acoustic characteristics of each section of enclosure such as sound attenuation coefficient and reflection coefficient. In the suggested form the method allows making calculations of noise in the buildings with any complex space-planning parameters.
10.18720/MCE.77.2
production buildings
noise
noise protection measures
noise calculation method
sound reflection from barriers
https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2018.77.2/
02.pdf
RAR
RUS
23-37
57194112309
0000-0001-6184-2365
Vyatka State University
Tyukalov
Yury
yutvgu@mail.ru
Finite element models in stresses for plane elasticity problems
The solution of the plane problems of elasticity theory on the basis of stress approximation is considered. To construct the solution, the additional energy functional is used. With the help of the principle of possible displacements, algebraic equations of equilibrium of the nodes of the grid of finite elements are constructed. Equilibrium equations are included in the functional of additional energy by means of Lagrange multipliers. The necessary relations for rectangular and triangular finite elements are obtained. Variants with constant and piecewise-constant approximations of stresses in the region of the finite element are considered. The ribbon width of system of the solving linear equations is estimated. Calculations have been made for the bended beam and for stretched plate with the hole, for the different grids of finite element. It is made comparison of the solutions obtained in stresses with the solutions obtained by finite element method in displacements and with exact solutions. It is shown, that for plane problems in the theory of elasticity, solutions based on stress approximations make it possible to obtain convergence of displacements to exact values from above. For coarse grids, solutions based on piecewise constant stresses much more accurate results, but require large computational costs, since the width of the ribbon of non-zero elements of the resolving system of linear algebraic equations is approximately twice as large as in the other considered variants. Finite elements models in stresses allow constructing solutions, which are alternative to solutions obtained by finite element method in displacements.
10.18720/MCE.77.3
finite elements
stress approximation
functional of additional energy
Lagrange multipliers
https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2018.77.3/
03.pdf
RAR
RUS
38-46
56826013600
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Gravit
Marina
marina.gravit@mail.ru
29 Politechnicheskaya St., St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia
Nedryshkin
Oleg
nedryshkin@gmail.com
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Ogidan
Olamipe Timothy
ogidano@gmail.com
Polytechnicheskay, 29
Transformable fire barriers in buildings and structures
Fire curtains are used in case of fire to create a temporary barrier in open technological openings, openings of buildings and structures. The paper presents the results of tests for fire resistance of samples of fire curtains. The ability of intumescent formulations to effectively prevent the spread of heat has been studied. The article presents the results of testing various compositions of Intumescent fire retardant coating (IFRC) with the addition of latex for fire curtains based on silica fiber. The temperature of samples from the non-heated side did not exceed 260 °C (the temperature in the furnace of the test facility did not exceed 1200 °C). The temperature of the sample with the addition of TiO2 at the end of the test did not rise above 196 °C. The results obtained in the work are compared with similar tests of other researchers for the period 2012–2017 fire curtains based on silica fiber.
10.18720/MCE.77.4
fire curtains
fire barriers
fire resistance
fireproof doors
Intumescent fire retardant coating
IFRC
https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2018.77.4/
04.pdf
RAR
RUS
47-58
56426211200
0000-0002-3541-0072
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Petrichenko
Mikhail
fonpetrich@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
56227381900
0000-0003-2673-4566
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Nemova
Darya
darya.nemova@gmail.com
Polytechnicheskay, 29
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Kotov
Evgeny
ekotov.cfd@gmail.com
St. Petersburg, Russia
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Andreeva
Darya
tarasovads@gmail.com
Polytechnicheskay, 29
AAU-2845-2020
57204362749
0000-0002-6289-325X
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Sergeev
Vitaliy
vicerector.sc@spbstu.ru
St. Petersburg, Russia
Ventilated facade integrated with the HVAC system for cold climate
The application of convective heat transfer for air mass displacement in ventilation systems without the mechanical draft (integration of Double Skin Facade with HVAC Systems of the building) has a real practical perspective for Building energy performance. The purpose of this article is development of the theory of heat and mass transfer in capillary-porous media, air flows and building structures. The engineering purpose is а concept development of a closed ventilating circuit with convective heat flow to reduce the pressure on the environment, improve the comfort of the building and reduce operating costs. The subject of this research is a closed ventilating circuit with convective heat flow in constructive energy system (ventilated facade integrated with the HVAC system). It was the mathematical modeling of convective heat flow in ventilated facades. Based on the results obtained the concept of a closed ventilating circuit with convective heat flow is developed. The proposed system uses Convective heat transfer in a ventilated facade for the ejection and injection facilities, heat recovery in the buffer zone of the façade. It allows reducing ecological pressure on the environment and the application of energy resources.
10.18720/MCE.77.5
convective heat transfer
energy performance
building energy performance
energy efficiency
integrated systems
energy conservation
civil engineering
structural engineering
building and construction
https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2018.77.5/
05.pdf
RAR
RUS
59-67
National Research Moscow State Civil Engineering University
Kabanov
Vadim
kabanovvn@yandex.ru
Organizational and technological reliability of the construction process
Construction projects of buildings and structures, as well as plans of construction and installation works are often subjected to fair criticism from the Pro-producers of the work. Such criticism is that the calculated cost value and long lasting-STI CMP does not take into account the specificity of real contractors. To address these criticisms and proposals were developed for the assessment of such intensity values of SMR production, which most realistically take into account the actual conditions of construction and Contracting organization. The application of the classical methods of probability theory simplifies the procedure of collecting background information and in some cases allows you to use the results of the numerical experiment. Computational procedures require special training and is easily amenable to automation (programming). The result of the research represents the author's method of estimating the quantitative strength value of organizational and technological reliability with regard to construction, manual processes, and technological solutions providing leading mechanization, subject to the calculation of the intensity of works as the sum of labor productivity of employed workers.
10.18720/MCE.77.6
organizational and technological reliability of construction
organizationaltechnological solutions of construction
duration of construction
cost of construction products
organizational and technological design of construction processes
https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2018.77.6/
06.pdf
RAR
RUS
68-89
National Research Moscow State Civil Engineering University
Tusnina
Olga
lazoltus@mail.ru
Finite element analysis of crane secondary truss
Finite element analysis of the crane secondary truss of top-blown oxygen vessel plant with the span of 36m is considered in the paper. Analysis of crane secondary truss is quiet difficult because of necessity of taking into account actual stiffness of its joints and also because of the fact that lower belt of truss made of thin-walled closed profile is experiencing restrained torsion because of eccentrically crane load acting. For these reasons modeling of crane secondary truss with the use of beam finite elements not allows to obtain correct results. That is why the shell finite elements should be used to model crane secondary truss. The required finite element mesh is determined in the paper. Participation of the truss into work of entire building skeleton is analyzed and the design scheme of the framework that allowed to obtain reliable results is selected.
10.18720/MCE.77.7
crane secondary truss
thin-walled closed profile
restrained torsion
finite element analysis
https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2018.77.7/
07.pdf
RAR
RUS
90-100
6602647191
GORPROJECT
Travush
Vladimir
travush@mail.ru
3rd Floor, 5, Bldg. 5A Nizhnyi Susal'nyi lane, 105064, Moscow, Russia
JSC Research Center of Construction
Konin
Denis
konden@inbox.ru
JSC Research Center of Construction
Krylov
Alexey
kryl07@mail.ru
Strength of reinforced concrete beams of high-performance concrete and fiber reinforced concrete
The strength of reinforced concrete beams made of high-performance concrete and fiber reinforced concrete was evaluated in a pure-bending test. The efficiency of using straight steel fiber in bending structures was evaluated. The fracture pattern of models was described. The results of measuring the vertical displacement and crack width are provided and compared to the rated values. The diagrams of stresses and deformation in reinforcement and concrete of models are presented, and their specific features are noted. The current methods to evaluate reinforced concrete bending structures made of high-performance concrete were evaluated for Groups 1 and 2 limit states. Results were obtained for numerical studies of high-performance concrete. The results necessary to carry out numerical studies in the sphere of high-performance concrete have been obtained.
10.18720/MCE.77.8
reinforced concrete
fiber reinforced concrete
crack width
stresses
strain
standardbased calculation
crack resistance
numerical simulation
verification
https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2018.77.8/
08.pdf
RAR
RUS
101-111
S-1676-2017
6507460407
0000-0002-8907-7869
Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers
Mirsaidov
Mirziyod
theormir@mail.ru
39, Kori Niyoziy St., Tashkent, Uzbekistan, 100000
55586710000
0000-0002-6498-5043
Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers
Sultanov
Takhirjon
tz-sultanov@mail.ru
Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
6506522453
0000-0001-8114-1187
Tashkent Financial Institute
Abdikarimov
Rustamkhan
rabdikarimov@mail.ru
60A, A.Temur street, Tashkent city, 100000
Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers
Ishmatov
Alisher
rabdikarimov@mail.ru
Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers
Yuldoshev
Bakhtiyor
Bakhtiyor_Yuldoshev68@mail.ru
Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers
Toshmatov
Elyor
Elyortoshmatov@inbox.uz
Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers
Jurayev
Doniyor
tohir-zs@mail.ru
Strength parameters of earth dams under various dynamic effects
The paper provides the methods for evaluating the strength parameters of earth dams under forced oscillations. The methods of solving the problem are based on the expansion of sought for solution in terms of eigenmodes of elastic structure oscillations. Linear steady-state and unsteady forced oscillations of three different earth dams were studied with account of structural heterogeneity and viscoelastic properties of structure material under various dynamic effects. To describe the viscoelastic properties, the Boltzmann-Volterra hereditary theory of viscoelasticity is used. The results of investigations made it possible to reveal a number of effects that arise under forced oscillations in a dam in the pre-resonant, resonant, and post-resonant modes of oscillations.
10.18720/MCE.77.9
earth dam
eigenmode
strength
viscoelasticity
dissipative properties
amplitudefrequency characteristics
resonant mode
https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2018.77.9/
09.pdf
RAR
RUS
112-120
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Barashkova
Polina
barashkova.p.s@yandex.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Molodkina
Ludmila
asminaster@gmail.com
29 Politechnicheskaya St., St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia
Track-etched membranes back-flushing and regeneration during the natural water purification
Membrane filtration is one of the main methods of local water treatment. Track-etched membranes allow to obtain high-quality purified water due to their high selectivity. During the filtration, the productivity of process can decreases due to the adsorption of components in the pores, pore blockages, formation of sediment layer above the membrane. To restore the productivity, the membrane should be flushed periodically or regenerated chemically. Comparative study of the back-flushing and chemical regeneration after natural water filtration using standard 12-μm-thick track-etched membrane and new 20-μm-thick irradiated on both sides (with argon ions with the mileage less than the film thickness) was performed. The research was conducted with natural water from the pond "Zenit" (St. Petersburg) and the Volhov River (Leningrad region). The filtration was conducted in the dead-end mode. Water samples were analyzed by spectrophotometry, spectroturbidimetry and dynamic light scattering. The size distribution of impurity particles of studied natural water, the change in their sizes during coagulation with an aqua-aurate were determined in work. The mechanisms underlying the decrease of filtration productivity were identified. The experimental data showed that both-sided irradiated 20-μm-thick membrane has advantages over a standard 12-μm-thick membrane in natural water filtration with impurities that block the pores both in the direct filtration process and in back-flushing and regeneration. The possibility of regeneration and back-flushing of the 20-μm-thick membrane allows us to recommend it for natural water filtration.
10.18720/MCE.77.10
track-etched membrane
water treatment
local water supply
flushing
regeneration
filtration
productivity
civil engineering
buildings
https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2018.77.10/
10.pdf
RAR
RUS
121-129
Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs
Zakrevskaya
Lubov
Lftlhbxtcrjt@yandex.ru
Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs
Gavrilenko
Andrey
GavrilenkoAndrew@yandex.ru
Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs
Avdeev
Sergey
asf_vlgu@mail.ru
Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs
Gandelsman
Igor
sp_vlgu@mail.ru
Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs
Kireev
Andrey
ariant-tp@mail.ru
Lightweight concrete based on siliceous compositions of natural origin
The focus in the release of construction materials is determined by waste recycling, saving energy costs and environmental management by means of reducing dump areas. The production of magnesia binders from dolomite waste meets all these requirements. There was made an effort to create a new material based on magnesia binder and lightweight silicate aggregate made from tripolith of Vladimir region deposit. In the course of the work, samples were synthesized and tested for strength and thermal conductivity, and also an optimal granulometric composition of the aggregate was defined. This research shows that the material is strong, cheap, alkali-silicate corrosion resisting and very promising in compare with classic Portland cement concretes.
10.18720/MCE.77.11
concrete
magnesia binder
alkali-silicate reaction
https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2018.77.11/
11.pdf
RAR
RUS
130-140
56426211200
0000-0002-3541-0072
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Petrichenko
Mikhail
fonpetrich@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Kotov
Evgeny
ekotov.cfd@gmail.com
St. Petersburg, Russia
56227381900
0000-0003-2673-4566
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Nemova
Darya
darya.nemova@gmail.com
Polytechnicheskay, 29
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Andreeva
Darya
tarasovads@gmail.com
Polytechnicheskay, 29
AAU-2845-2020
57204362749
0000-0002-6289-325X
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Sergeev
Vitaliy
vicerector.sc@spbstu.ru
St. Petersburg, Russia
Numerical simulation of ventilated facades under extreme climate conditions
To reduce the costs of building operation, it is necessary to provide for the use of energy-saving technologies at the stage of building design. This allows efficient use of material and energy resources, minimize costs during the design and construction of buildings and structures. One of the energy-saving technologies widely used in construction is the use of ventilated facade systems. Its application in difficult climatic conditions of many regions of Russia requires improvement and refinement of the existing methods of calculation of influence of temperature stresses in elements on strength characteristics of system, ways of the account of influence of air exchange in a backlash. The aim of the work is to determine the velocity of air flow in the gap of a ventilated facade with different width of the gap, the height of the building and climatic conditions by the method CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) - simulation of convective heat flux.
10.18720/MCE.77.12
ventilated faсade
CFD
enclosing structure
heat-gravitational motion
average velocity
ventilated air gap
energy efficiency
civil and structural engineering
building and construction
https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2018.77.12/
12.pdf
RAR
RUS
141-148
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Terleev
Vitaly
vitaly_terleev@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
56825555100
0000-0001-6865-245X
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Nikonorov
Aleksandr
coolhabit@yandex.ru
St. Petersburg, Russia
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Ginevsk
Roman
rginevski@gmail.com
Polytechnicheskay, 29
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Lazarev
Viktor
lviktor.97@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University
Togo
Issa
issatogo@mail.ru
Polytechnicheskay, 29
Topaj
Alexandr
St.Petersburg State Agrarian University
Moiseev
Kirill
kir_moiseev@mail.ru
St.Petersburg State Agrarian University
Pavlova
Viktoriia
vikalpav@mail.ru
Federal State Budgetary Institution “North-West Centre of Interdisciplinary Researches of Problems of Food Maintenance”
Layshev
Kasim
layshev@mail.ru
Federal State Budgetary Institution “North-West Centre of Interdisciplinary Researches of Problems of Food Maintenance”
Arkhipov
Mikhail
szcentr@bk.ru
V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
Melnichuk
Aleksandr
omelnichuk61@mail.ru
Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”
Dunaieva
Ielizaveta
dunaeva_e@niishk.ru
Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research
Mirschel
Wilfried
wmirschel@zalf.de
Hysteresis of the soil water-retention capacity: estimating the scanning branches
Designing of underground constructions, such as irrigation and drainage systems, requires engineering surveys. Such surveys include the study of the hydrological conditions of the territory, which are determined by the hydrophysical properties of soils, such as their water-retention capacity. The formation of a hysteresis loop for the soil water-retention capacity occurs because of the variability of meteorological conditions. It is almost impossible to measure all possible scanning branches that fill the gap between the main branches of the hysteresis loop. A mathematical model of the hysteretic soil water-retention capacity is proposed. The model is based on physical concepts of the structure and capillary properties of the soil pore space. Model parameters are identified by dot fitting using data on the main (boundary) hysteresis branches. Scanning branches starting with pre-calculated reversal points are evaluated. Suggested model has a quite low error to predict the scanning branches of soil water-retention capacity. The use of this model ensures reliable estimates of the hydrological conditions of the territory for underground construction. Also it gives precision irrigation rates which result in reduction of gravitational runoff of excessive moisture, preventing pollution of groundwater with agrochemicals.
10.18720/MCE.77.13
water-retention capacity
capillary pressure
hysteresis loop
scanning curves
"pump effect"
https://engstroy.spbstu.ru/article/2018.77.13/
13.pdf