The effect of formworks on the temperature regime in the mass concrete

This paper presents the results of numerical studies about the temperature regime and thermal stress state of an erected concrete block with various design forms of formwork. The influence of formwork on the formation of the temperature regime is considered taking into account the influence of the main factors: the air temperature, the cement consumption per cubic meter of concrete and its maximum heat dissipation. An assessment of the risk of temperature cracks is given for three formwork cases: metal (steel) and wooden without thermal insulation and with insulation. Based on the results obtained, nomograms are constructed in order to estimate the temperature difference between the center of the concrete mass and its surface, depending on the values of the factors. It is shown that under the considered conditions during construction from the point of view of temperature crack formation, wooden formwork is more preferable than metal (steel). Thus, when concreting in the cold season and using a large amount of cement or large-heat cement then formwork insulation is necessary. In this work, results from the nomograms are obtained may be used as reference material in the design and construction of mass concrete structures such as dams, foundations, bridge supports, etc.